Design And Experiment Of Mechanized Hard Graft Grafting Device

At present,my country’s hard grafting is mainly done by manual workers.The labor intensity of workers is high.At the same time,fruit growers will spend high salaries to hire skilled workers for grafting.Therefore,grafting devices are urgently needed to replace workers for grafting and improve grafting efficiency.,cut costs.In recent years,most of the grafting methods used in the grafting devices developed in my country come from manual grafting methods.These grafting methods have defects such as easy cracking of the rootstock interface,high accuracy of the anvil and earwood butting,and complex interface structure.These defects have a certain degree of graft survival rate.Therefore,it is not suitable for mechanized grafting.In order to meet the urgent needs of mechanized hard grafting,this article first proposes four mechanized hard grafting interface forms,and then selects a better interface form through comparative analysis;based on the selected interface form,a mechanized hard grafting interface is designed.Branch grafting device,which can be used for grafting apple,pear,cherry and other Rosaceae fruit trees.This article takes apple seedlings as an example to design the device.The main research contents are as follows:(1)By consulting the relevant materials of grafting devices at home and abroad and investigating the grafting and grounding of fruit trees,four types of interfaces suitable for mechanized hard graft grafting are proposed,and the ABAQUS finite element software is used for stress analysis,interface crack resistance analysis,The clamping force between the anvil and earwood interface is analyzed,and a better interface form is selected.Carry out clamping force analysis and stress analysis between the selected interface forms to determine a better docking method.By expounding the theory of grafting survival,determine the conditions required for the grafting survival of the stock and earwood in the selected interface form.(2)Carry out the structural design of the grafting device,including multi-station mechanism,anvil breaking mechanism,ear cutting mechanism and feeding mechanism;the hard graft grafting device is controlled by Mitsubishi PLC for grafting operation.The main process of the grafting device during the grafting operation is as follows:firstly,the seedlings are manually loaded,and then the stepping index plate drives the stock on the disc to rotate at 45° and then stops,and the anvil-breaking cylinder is used to push the T-shaped milling cutter to break the stock.The anvil and cutting cylinder push the V-shaped milling cutter to cut the earwood.Finally,the disc rotates 450 and then stops.The feed cylinder is used to send the earwood that has been cut into the rootstock interface to complete the grafting.(3)Developed a hard-branched grafting prototype,and used apple seedlings with a diameter of 5mm-12mm to conduct prototype tests.With the gap between the anvil and earwood grafting interfaces not greater than 0.3mm as the qualified standard,the grafting success rate of the device was tested.It shows that the prototype can complete the task of grafting apple seedlings of any diameter within this range,and the grafting success rate can reach 90%.