Development Of Optimization And Adaptive Control System For Cutting And Throwing Device Of Silage Machine

Maize is one of the main food crops in China,and its planting area is expanding year by year.At present,most stalks are stacked,burned or directly returned to the field,causing air pollution and waste of production resources.Silage corn is a kind of high-quality green feed.It is expected that the planting area of silage corn in China will reach 100 million mu by 2030.It is pointed out in the "14th Five-Year Plan" Circular Economy Development Plan that the comprehensive utilization rate of crop straw will be kept above 86% by 2025.Straw breeding is an important link to promote the organic combination of planting and breeding and develop agricultural circular economy.Therefore,efficient and stable silage harvesting machinery is urgently needed to solve the problem of straw recycling.By analyzing the working process of the 4YZPSJ-3C self-propelled corn harvester with both ears and stems.Aiming at the problems of poor cutting and silage quality,short throwing distance,and low intelligent level of the whole machine that are prone to occur in silage harvesters.This paper optimizes the structure parameters and operation parameters of the cutting and throwing device through theoretical analysis and simulation,and develops an adaptive control system for the feeding amount and rotating speed of the throwing device based on STM32 controller.This article mainly includes the following research content:Optimization design of cutting device.According to the design requirements of the cutting device,determine the structural scheme of the cutting drum components,analyze the parameters such as the blade curve,the pushing angle,the friction angle,the sliding cutting angle,and the installation front angle.Calculate the operating parameters and assembly dimensions,and use the LS-DNAY module to conduct orthogonal simulation analysis of the cutting process to determine the optimal parameters.Optimized design of the throwing device.Analyze the structural characteristics of the throwing device,and use FLUENT simulation to simulate its internal fluid movement laws.A discrete element model of crushed straw and blade was established,and the working process of the throwing device was simulated using CFD-DEM gas-solid two-phase flow simulation method.Analyze the influence of the sectional shape of the throwing pipe,the area ratio of the entrance and exit of the throwing pipe,the rotational speed of the throwing impeller,the number of blades,and the feeding amount on the throwing effect,obtain a fitting regression equation,and optimize the structure of the throwing pipe and the operating parameters of the fan.Design of adaptive control system.Based on the STM32 controller,the adaptive control system for the cutting and throwing device is developed,and the experimental model and system design scheme are determined.Develop visual interface to realize real-time display of key parameters of cutting and throwing device on upper computer and data abnormality alarm.The mathematical model of the driving system of the throwing device is established and the transfer function of the hydraulic motor is calculated.On this basis,a fuzzy PID operation speed controller is designed and the feasibility of the adaptive control system is verified.