Design And Performance Test Research Of Spring-tooth Potato Picker

As one of the four major grain crops in China,the planting area and output of potato have increased rapidly under the policy of the national potato main grain strategy.At present,China’s potato output and planting scale rank first in the world.Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is one of the five major potato producing provinces in China,which has unique advantages and great potential in increasing planting area,increasing yield and improving efficiency.But currently,potato harvesting is still poorly mechanized.At present,it is still in the segmented harvest stage,excavated by the machine,manual picked up.This harvest method with high labor intensity and high operation cost seriously restricts the sustainable and healthy development of potato industry.In view of the above problems,this thesis designed a bullet-tooth potato pickup device,and found the best working parameters of the bullet-tooth potato pickup device.The main thesis contents are as follows:(1)Overall scheme design of the pickup device: by analyzing the working principle and application of several different pickup mechanisms,such as bullet tooth drum type,expansion dial finger,slide lift and tooth belt conveyor,The bullet tooth drum type volume is small,the pickup performance and working adaptability are good,and finally the potato pickup device is selected as the bullet tooth picking device.(2)Design of key components: The physical and mechanical characteristics of the potato test provide an important reference for the structural design and key components design of the potato pickup device,and the specific parameters of the bullet tooth shaft,crank,roller,drum disc,arc cover shell and so on are determined.(3)Design of cam slide: According to the law of bounce tooth swing,the bounce tooth movement is divided into four stages: “pick up”,“lifting”,“push” and “empty back”,to complete the parameter design and optimization of cam slide.(4)3D modeling virtual assembly and test device processing: use Solid Works to carry out 3D modeling of the bullet-tooth pickup mechanism,and virtual assembly,determine the design is reasonable,the assembly without interference.Draw the standard engineering drawing for processing and manufacturing,and develop the bullet tooth potato pickup device.(5)Performance test of the pickup device: The collecting performance of potato harvest was studied.The rates of bullet teeth,forward speed and soil depth are the experimental factor.Loss rate,potato injury rate and skin breaking are evaluation index.Univariate and multivariate trials were carried out.The test results show that: Within the range of test factors,the primary and secondary order of various factors on the loss rate is advance speed> soil depth> bullet speed;The primary and secondary order of influence on the wound potato rate is soil depth> bullet tooth speed> forward speed;The primary and secondary order on the skin breaking rate is soil depth> bullet speed> forward speed.The working parameters of the pickup device were optimized,and the best working parameters are: bullet tooth speed of 20 r/min,soil depth of 70 mm,and forward speed of 0.4 m/s.The verification test was carried out,and the loss rate was 1.48%,the potato injury rate was4.98%,and the skin breaking rate was 11.17%.The test results show that the designed bullet-tooth pickup device meets the requirements of mechanized potato pickup.