| Object:In order to explore the effect of different operation parameters of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)on the pollination of two kinds of‘Kuerle Xiangli’trees,screen the pollination operation parameters of UAV(XAG XP 2020),and serve for the precise implementation of‘Kuerle Xiangli’UAV pollination operation.Methods:In this study,a quadrotor UAV(XAG XP 2020)was used as the operation model,and by setting different gradients of flight height,nozzle fogging particle size,spray volume and flight route in the spindle shape and the evacuation layer shape,the application of water sensitive paper collected droplets,compared the deposition distribution effects of droplets of each treatment,screened the operation parameters and conducted field pollination,and compared the fruit setting rate,cost and efficiency of different pollination methods of‘Kuerle Xiangli’.Results:1.The droplet coverage,density and deposition amount of the spindle-shaped‘Kuerle Xiangli’UAV pollination at a height of 1 m from the top of the tree were better than those 2 m and 3 m from the top of the tree;the droplet coverage,density and deposition amount of spray nozzle atomization particle size120μm was better than 110μm,135μm and 150μm;the spraying amount 2 L/667m~2droplet the coverage,density and deposition of droplets were better than 1.5 L/667m~2and 1 L/667m~2;the coverage,density and deposition of droplets flying above the tree tops were better than the distribution of droplets flying between rows.The inflorescence seating rate of‘Kuerle Xiangli’pollinated by UAV was 63.27%which was not significantly different from manual shaking and liquid sprayer pollination,and the flower seating rate was28.84%which was not significantly different from liquid sprayer pollination and significantly lower than manual shaking.The cost of UAV pollination was 82 yuan/667m~2,which was 88 yuan/667m~2and 23yuan/667m~2respectively compared manual shaking and liquid spraying;the pollination time efficiency of UAV pollination was 40 667m~2/unit-h,which was 20 times and 40 times as than of manual shaking and liquid spraying.2.The droplet coverage,density and deposition amount of the evacuated layered‘Kuerle Xiangli’UAV pollination at a height of 1 m from the top of the tree was better than those from a height of 2 m from the top of the tree;the droplet coverage,density,and deposition of the spray nozzle atomization particle size 120μm was better than that of 150μm and 165μm;the droplet coverage,density,and deposition of the spraying volume 2 L/667m~2was better than that of 1 L/667m~2and 1.5 L/667m~2;the distribution of the flying droplet coverage,density,and deposition above the top of the tree was better than that of the flying between rows.The spraying volume of 2 L/667m~2was better than 1 L/667m~2and 1.5 L/667m~2;the coverage,density and deposition of droplets flying above the tree tops were better than the distribution of droplets flying between rows.The inflorescence seeding rate and flower seeding rate of’Kuerle Xingli’pollinated by UAV were 64.47%and 22.4%respectively,which were not significantly different from manual pollination.The cost of UAV pollination was 82 yuan/667m~2,which was 88 yuan/667m~2less than that of manual shaking;the time efficiency of UAV pollination was 40 667m~2/unit-h,which was 40 times of that of manual shaking.Conclusion:By comparing the droplet coverage,droplet density and droplet deposition of different pollination parameters of the quadrotor UAV(XAG XP 2020),the best combination of pollination parameters of the UAV(XAG XP 2020)for two tree shapes of‘Kuerle Xiangli’,spindle shape and sparse layered shape,was selected as the operation height of 1 m from the top of the tree,spraying volume of 2 L/667m~2,nozzle atomization particle size of 120μm,and flight path above the tree canopy.The fruit set rate of UAV pollination of spindle-shaped‘Kuerle Xiangli’was 63.27%,which was not significantly different from that of liquid spray pollination and hand-pollinated inflorescence,and the flower set rate was significantly lower than that of hand-pollination;the cost of UAV pollination was 88 yuan/667m~2less than that of hand-pollination,and 23 yuan/667m~2less than that of liquid spray pollination.The cost of UAV pollination was 88 yuan/667m~2less than manual shaking and 23 yuan/667m~2less than liquid spray pollination;the time efficiency of UAV pollination was 40 times that of manual shaking and 20 times that of liquid spray pollination.The fruit set rate of unmanned pollination of’Kuerle Xiangli’with sparse layered shape was 64.47%and no significant difference with manual shaking;the cost of UAV pollination was 88 yuan/667m~2less than manual shaking;the time efficiency of UAV pollination was 40 times of manual shaking. |
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