| Objective:Based on the in-depth study of the newly promoted drone pollination technology of‘Kuerle Xiangli’,this study provides theoretical guidance for the selection of pollination timing and the maintenance time of pollen activity in pollination solution.Methods: Taking ‘Kuerle Xiangli’and its pollinating variety ‘Ya pear’ as the test material,the flowering process of ‘Kuerle Xiangli’and the changes of stigma with the increase of open days were explored,and the microscopic and submicroscopic structures of ‘Kuerle Xiangli’were observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy to study the morphological and physiological changes of pollen in pollination,as well as the influence of temperature and exogenous substances on pollen activity.Result: 1.’ Kuerle Xiangli’s anthers loose powder has a sequential order,first the outer round of anthers mature loose powder,one day later the inner wheel loose powder,the color of the stigma at the flowering stage changes to yellow and green-yellow-light brown-dark brown,its stigma can be conferred to show a general trend of weak-strong-weak,the stigma is closely arranged with hollow and different lengths of rodshaped papillae,the rod-shaped papillae are about 19.43μm in diameter,the range of change is 13.4μm-24μm,and 6 days after the balloon stage,the mastoids gradually decline from smooth and erect long rods,The material that supports the erect hollow mastoids is lost,and the ‘hollow skin’ is wrinkled into an irregular shape.A large amount of secretions are seen on the surface of the mature stigma,which belongs to the wet stigma,which secretes mucus in the early stage,and gradually shrinks and decays in the later stage with the cessation of mucus secretion.‘Kuerle Xiangli’ stigma papillae cell cavity for the guide tissue,edge cells appear irregular,organelles,cytoplasm content is small,the central cell shape is nearly round,the cell surface has a layer of corneal membrane,cytoplasm is thick,a large number of mitochondria in the cell,Golgi apparatus and vesicles distribution,chloroplasts,rough endoplasmic reticulum,starch granules and other organelles are also clearly visible,6 days after the pilling period,papilloid cells gradually dissolve from the original complete cell structure,the cell wall is seriously deformed and loses cell morphology.2.The activity of pollen in the pollination solution gradually decreases with the growth of time.The proline content of ‘Ya pear’ pollen decreased after absorption,and the content of proline in normal pollen was 2.7times that of pollen after absorption.The infrared spectrum of pollen after absorption is mainly changed by the absorption peaks located in the protein and carbohydrate bands,and the carbohydrates in the pollen increase after the absorption,and the main lipids do not change.The optimal pollination temperature for pollen is in the range of 23-26℃,and around 29℃ is the critical value of pollen germination,exceeding which will be detrimental to pollen germination.Suitable brassinolide concentration can promote pollen germination,which has the effect of promoting pollen germination when the concentration of brassinolide is within the range of 8-15 mg/L,and the most suitable concentration of brassinolide for pollen germination is15 mg/L.Pollen germination is promoted when the boric acid content in the medium is between 0.005-0.015%,and the pollen germination rate is highest when the boric acid content is 0.01%.When 0.005% Mu Liji agent is added,it initiates and promotes pollen germination,and when the concentration is greater than0.01%,it begins to inhibit it,and 0.2% pollen does not germinate at all.Conclusion ‘Kuerle Xiangli’s be received for 6 days,and the most suitable period pollination is 2-4days after the balloon stage,and the pollen solution configuration in UAV pollination is best completed within60 min. |
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