| Objective:In order to explore the influence of the wind field characteristics of the polar flying P100four-rotor UAV on the pollination parameters of’Kuerle Xiangli’,the pollination parameters of the polar flying P100 UAV were optimized in order to provide parameter guidance for large-scale UAV pollination of’Kuerle Xiangli’.Methods:Based on the wind field characteristics of the P100 four-rotor UAV,the operating height was selected and the field spray effect was verified.In the evacuation layered pear orchard,different gradients of operation speed,spraying amount,nozzle atomization particle size,flight route and operation model were set up to compare the droplet effects of each treatment and screen the best spray parameters of P100 pollination.Field investigation was carried out in the UAV pollination area,and principal component analysis was carried out on different factors affecting yield.Results:1.With the increase of hovering height,the effect of downwind wind field gradually decreases;the average effective wind field widths of the hover heights of 6.5 m,7.5 m and 8.5 m are 6.28m,6.08 m and 6.05 m,respectively,and the average peak wind speeds are 6.2 m·s-1,6.0 m·s-1and 4.1 m·s-1,respectively.When the working speed is 2 m·s-1and the working height is 1 m,the downward wind speed of the UAV is 1.20 m·s-1,3.53 m·s-1,3.88 m·s-1and 5.33 m·s-1at the four measurement heights of 0.7 m,1.4 m,2.1 m and 2.8 m,respectively.2.Evacuation of stratified pear orchard UAV spray,the effect of droplets at 6 m·s-1and 2 m·s-1is better than 4 m·s-1;when the spraying amount was 4 L·667m-2,the droplet effect was better than 1L·667m-2,2 L·667m-2and 3 L·667m-2.When the atomization particle size of the nozzle is 100μm,the droplet effect is better than 70μm,130μm and 200μm.Tree top operation is better than between rows;the operation efficiency and droplet effect of P100 UAV are better than XP2020.3.In 2022,the first principal component contribution rate was 24.964%,planting density,tree age and tree shape,and the load factors were 0.90,0.78 and 0.78,respectively,among the factors affecting the yield of’Kuerle Xiangli’in 29 and 30 regiments of the Second Agricultural Division.The contribution rate of the second principal component was 22.209%.The loading factors of pollen types,pollen quantity,pollination time,flowering measures and flowering water discharge were 0.68,0.62,0.59,0.41 and 0.38,respectively.The contribution rate of the third principal component was 12.428%.The loading factors of soil properties,pre-anthesis irrigation methods and were garden phase 0.46,0.38 and 0.37,respectively.The contribution rate of the fourth principal component was 11.103%,and the pollen load factor was the largest,which was 0.40.Conclusion:When the hovering height is 6.5 m,that is,the working height is 1 m,the downward pressure wind field and droplet effect of the UAV are the best;when the’evacuation layered’pear orchard UAV was sprayed,the P100 UAV was better than XP2020,the operation speed was 6 m·s-1,the spraying amount was 4 L·667m-2,the nozzle atomization particle size was 100μm,and the droplet effect was the best when the tree top was directly above the tree top.In 2022,planting density,tree age,tree shape,pollen species,pollen amount and pollination time were the main factors affecting the yield of’Kuerle Xiangli’in29 and 30 regiments. |
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