| Rice has a long planting history in China and has always been the main grain cash crop in China.At present,the main irrigation mode of rice still follows the traditional extensive management,artificial irrigation and arbitrary irrigation water volume,often resulting in a large waste of water resources due to saturated irrigation or even excessive irrigation,and the lack of monitoring and collection of paddy field environmental information,resulting in a low degree of automation and informatization.In view of the above problems existing in paddy field irrigation,this paper refers to and analyzes the research progress in relevant fields at home and abroad,have designed the modules of paddy field automatic irrigation control system,and constructs the information collection node,valve control node,gateway node and cloud server of the system in combination with single chip microcomputer technology,cloud platform technology and machine learning algorithm,so as to understand the dynamic changes of paddy field growth environment in time and allocate resources scientifically and reasonably,Realize automatic irrigation.It plays a certain role in improving the current shortage of rural labor force and maximizing the utilization of resources,making paddy field irrigation automatic and accurate,and improving the efficiency of production process.The main work is as follows:(1)Analyze the actual demand of paddy field irrigation and determine the overall architecture of the system.Compared with the current relatively mature wireless communication technology,it is determined to build the field wireless sensor network of rice field in the form of LoRa star networking,and 4G communication technology connects with the cloud platform to complete data transmission.The cloud platform provides functions such as data query,irrigation control and information management,so as to meet the needs of remote information management and monitoring control of rice field.(2)The functional modules of each node of the irrigation control system are selected and designed one by one.It mainly includes MCU selection and minimum system,LoRa module peripheral circuit,4G module interface circuit,RS-485 acquisition circuit design,relay drive and power supply module design,as well as the selection of various types of sensors serving the system,so as to realize the collection and upload of data and the implementation of irrigation instructions.(3)The irrigation strategy is studied in combination with the optimal soil humidity,soil water infiltration model and crop evapotranspiration during rice growth period.After training samples through machine learning algorithm and combined with the obtained meteorological data,the prediction model is constructed,and the prediction model is simulated by Matlab R2019 b software.The results show that the prediction model is reliable and accurate.(4)Alibaba cloud platform builds the data center and service center of the system,and applies Redis + My SQL to build the system database,realizing the task functions of data analysis,storage and real-time data display.Taking MVC structure and Hyperf as the main technical framework,the Web application of server remote control and information management is developed,which provides chart,curve and other elements to realize clear and practical human-computer interaction.(5)The communication performance test and overall joint commissioning of automatic irrigation control system LoRa are completed.The test results show that the packet loss rate is less than 4% and the error rate is 0 within 3km;The overall field test operation is stable,the sensor data is uploaded in real time,and the automatic irrigation is implemented according to the irrigation strategy to meet the design requirements. |
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