Study On Measurement And Influencing Factors Of Agricultural Ecological Efficiency In China

With the development of China’s industry,the stage of chemical agriculture began to take shape.Different from traditional agriculture,the essence of chemical agriculture is the performance of industrialization in the agricultural field.The input of industrial means of production such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides into agricultural production has greatly improved the efficiency of agricultural production and greatly met the people’s demand for agricultural production.However,the subsequent destruction of agricultural ecosystem,pesticide residues,soil hardening and acidification,pollution of surface water and groundwater and other problems have formed new crises and challenges.Agriculture has become one of the three major pollution sources,which is obviously not in line with the original intention of agricultural production.In this context,the construction of agricultural ecological civilization proposed from the perspective of sustainable development has entered the planning of the party and the state.The 17 th CPC National Congress put forward the concept of ecological civilization.When the 18 th CPC National Congress raised the construction of ecological civilization to the strategic height of "five in one".In the new era,the 19 th CPC National Congress put the construction of ecological civilization on the agenda of national strategy and pointed out the direction of the construction of ecological civilization.Then,as an important part of the construction of ecological civilization,the construction of agricultural ecological civilization is of great significance.Therefore,it is meaningful to deeply analyze the influencing factors of agricultural ecological efficiency and provide a certain theoretical basis for the construction of agricultural ecological civilization.By combing the relevant domestic and foreign literature on ecological efficiency and agricultural ecological efficiency,this paper finds the lack of research on the influencing factors of agricultural policy on agricultural ecological efficiency.Therefore,based on the theories of small-scale farmers,expectation theory and economic growth theory,this paper establishes the influence mechanism of agricultural policy on Agricultural Ecological efficiency through the intermediate element of farmers’ production behavior.Then it expounds the meaning and goal of agricultural ecological civilization and the current situation of agricultural ecological civilization construction in China.It is found that agricultural ecological efficiency is highly consistent with the connotation of agricultural ecological civilization construction.Improving agricultural ecological efficiency is of great significance to the construction of agricultural ecological civilization.Then build the measurement system of agricultural ecological efficiency in China,build the system framework with agricultural input,agricultural output and agricultural unexpected output as the primary indicators,and calculate the static efficiency value and dynamic Malmquist efficiency value of agricultural ecology in China based on deasbm model.Finally,based on the panel data of 29 provinces in China from 2005 to 2018,the static efficiency value of agricultural ecology in China is taken as the explanatory variable,the level of moderate scale operation,the level of financial support for agriculture,the degree of integration of primary,secondary and tertiary industries and the development level of urbanrural integration are taken as the explanatory variables,and the disaster rate,planting structure,proportion of urban population The added value of primary industry and other variables are used as control variables to build Tobit model and analyze the factors affecting agricultural ecological efficiency.The results show that there is a "U" curve relationship between land scale management level and agricultural ecological efficiency;Financial support for agriculture has a negative impact on the improvement of agricultural ecological efficiency;The development of agricultural industrialization has a negative impact on the improvement of agricultural ecological efficiency;The integrated development of urban and rural areas has a positive impact on agricultural ecological efficiency.According to the research contents and results of this paper,the following policy suggestions are put forward: first,we should change the mode of agricultural production,strengthen government guidance,speed up agricultural technology innovation,develop appropriate scale operation of agriculture,and give full play to the main role of farmers,so as to promote the popularization of advanced agricultural technology and accelerate the transformation of agricultural production mode.Second,optimize the structure of financial support for agriculture,expand support for agricultural ecological technology research,and give full play to the role of agricultural subsidies in stimulating agricultural production.Third,promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas,solve the problem of waste of agricultural machinery,improve the construction of agricultural and rural infrastructure,and promote the development of agricultural industrialization.