Design Of Farmland Residual Film Recycling Machine And Parameter Optimization Of Key Components

Farmland residual film is an important agriculture problem in China,which would result in the destruction of soil physical structure and affect the normal growth of crops.At present,mechanical recycling of residual film is one of the effective ways to solve the pollution of farmland residual film.In northwest China,the development of mechanical recycling of residual film lies in the south.A variety of residual film recycling machines have been developed according to different structures and operating principles.However,there are differences between the soil characteristics in the south and those in the north.The soil in the north is sandy and in the south is sticky.Therefore,compared with the north,the residual film in the south adheres to the soil seriously and is not easy to separate in the recycling process.Moreover,under the action of sticky soil,the residual film is also easy to wind on the working parts,which may affect the normal operation of machines and tools.In order to solve the difficult problem of film-soil separation,the mechanism was studied,and a residual film recycling machine was designed.Through design analysis and experimental research,the key components of the residual film recycling machine met the operation requirements.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Study on the physical characteristics of residual film and Field environmental measurement.Through the self-made platform,the residual film tensile test was carried out,and the average longitudinal tensile forces of the three different thicknesses of the residual film were 0.80 N,1.84 N,and 3.05 N,and the peak tensile forces were 1.37 N,2.87 N,4.97N;The field environment was measured and the specific working environment parameters of the residual film recycling machine were determined;It is concluded that the amount of soil covered on both sides of the ridge side is 6.5 ~ 8.0 kg/m2 by measuring the residual film laying in the field;According to the residual film recycling process and technical requirements,the overall plan of the residual film recycling machine is determined.(2)Study on the mechanism of film-soil separation.Based on soil contact theory and soil adhesion mechanics,the mathematical model of film-soil separation shear force Fq was established;In order to explore the mechanism of film-soil separation,three different thickness residual film and soil separation tests were carried out,and the residual film and soil peeling shear test bench was set up to verify the correctness of the model.The fitting equations of simulation test and verification test of separation shear force between residual film and soil with three different thicknesses were obtained from the test results.(3)Design and analyze the key components of the residual film recycling machine.The process of crashing soil was analyzed,and the motion trajectory equation and resistance equation of crashing soil in the process of crashing soil were obtained;Through EDEM discrete element simulation analysis,the average power consumed by three different crashing soil depths was 1.03 k W,1.13 k W,and 1.38 k W.Through mechanical analysis,the working resistance of the film lifting shovel was 206.4 N,and the strength of the film lifting shovel was checked by ANSYS.The result shows that the maximum stress of the film lifting shovel is 76.477 MPa,and the strength meets the design requirements.Through the kinematic analysis of the film picking process of the film-soil separation device,the relationship between the advancing speed of the machine and the tool was determined;The mechanical analysis of the conveying process of the residual film in the film-soil separation device showed that the installation angle between the rollers and the horizontal plane ranges from 9° to 27°.The process of film conveying and unloading was analyzed,and the range of installation inclination angle of conveyor belt in film conveying and unloading device was determined to be 25° to 35°.(4)Experimental study on residual film recovery machine.According to the operational performance requirements of the residual film recycling machine.The edge film crashing soil test and the film-soil separation test of residual film recycling were built.Taking the depth of crushed soill and the rotating speed of crushed soil roller as test factors,and the rate of crushed and the rate of membrane-lifing as test indexes,the binary quadratic regression center combination test was carried out.The results showed that the optimal combination of working parameters for edge film crushing test was: the crushing depth was 49.00 mm,and the crushing roller speed was 206.00 r/min.The test results showed that the crushing rate was 74.527%,and the film forming rate was 85.672%.Taking the forwad speed of implement,the film picking speed and the installation angle of drum as the test factors,Taking the residual film pick-up rate,the film wrapping rate and the soil content rate as test indexes,a three-factor and three-level response surface test was carried out,and the optimal combination of operation parameters for residual film recycling and film-soil separation test was obtained as follows:the advancing speed of the machine was 1.20 m/s,the film picking speed was 95 r/min,and the installation inclination angle of the roller was 17.00 °.The test results showed that the residual film collection rate was 86.24%,the film wrapping rate was 1.67%,and the soil content was 15.47%.The research results can provide reference for the design optimization of residual film recycling machine.