| China is rich in resources of legume crops with different origins and varieties.Most of them are popular vegetable crops.It was said that regular consumption of beans can reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes.This is closely related to its richness in many nutrients such as protein,carbohydrates,minerals and vitamins and fiber.In this paper,the determination of mineral elements and crude fiber content in commercial pods of legume vegetables(cowpea,edamame,kidney bean,pea,broad bean,etc.)The genetic variation characteristics of these quality traits among varieties will deepen the understanding of the nutritional value of legumes and vegetables,and provide technical support for better screening of leguminous vegetable germplasm with elite nutritional components and selection of high-quality new varieties.This study is divided into two major experiments:Experiment I Comparison of main legume and vegetable species: Using 5 crops as materials,through field experiments,sampling in different plots,and using ICP-MS and FAAS methods to systematically determine the elements of Ca,Fe,Zn,Cu and Se in their commercial pods Quality traits such as content were analyzed,and their genetic diversity and variation characteristics were analyzed,and species clustering was performed.Experiment II Comparison among intraspecific varieties of Cowpea:280Occessions varieties were used as materials,and a field experiment was carried out according to the split-plot design.After two years of planting,the commercial pods were sampled according to the plot.The determination of mineral element content was the same as that of Test I.Fiber(Crude Fibre,CF)content determination refers to GB/T5009.10-2003.Violin plots and histograms are used to show the cultivar distribution characteristics of each trait;the heritability is estimated by variance analysis,etc.;the correlation heat map of the traits is drawn;Variety clustering to reveal their genetic relationship;comprehensive screening of high-quality yardlong bean resources.The main results are as follows:The detection results of 5 mineral elements in the edible organs of 1.5 kinds of legumes and vegetables showed that the overall content level: Ca > Fe > Zn > Cu > Se.There were significant differences in the content of each element between interspecific and intraspecific varieties.The content of Fe element in cowpea was the highest,and the content of Zn element in cowpea was equal to that of edamame and broad bean.Species clustering based on the content data of five mineral elements can be divided into two populations.Population I contains cowpea,edamame and kidney bean that are heat-resistant or warm,and population II contains cold-resistant pea and broad bean.The level was generally higher than that of population II.The results indicated that there were differences in the ability of the organs to enrich mineral nutrients and the nutritional values of the five kinds of legume and vegetable products.2.The analysis results of mineral element content in the commercial pods of 280 yardlong bean varieties for testing showed that there were significant differences in various traits between varieties and planting seasons.The coefficient of variation(CV)is 24.55%-31.26%;the average Fe content is 76.12-97.77 mg/kg,the CV is25.84%-38.19%;the average Zn content is 49.96-87.88 mg/kg,the CV is15.12%-37.07%;the Cu content The mean value was 10.31-10.77 mg/kg,and the CV was 33.43%-40.16%;the mean value of Se content was 0.29-0.53 mg/kg,with large variation.In addition,in summer cultivation,except Cu and Se,the CVs of other element varieties were all less than 30%,while in autumn cultivation,the CVs were all greater than 30%.It indicated that the content of mineral elements in summer cultivation was higher than that in autumn cultivation,and the variation among varieties was small.The average crude fiber content of yardlong bean varieties is11.50%-11.51%,which is generally at a low level,suitable for human consumption,and the difference between varieties and planting seasons is very small.3.According to the test data information,the nutrient composition table of the mineral elements and crude fiber content of yardlong bean is drawn.4.The results of variance analysis showed that the mineral elements and crude fiber content of yardlong bean pods were mainly affected by genetic factors,and the environmental impact was less.The heritability of Ca,Fe,Zn,Cu,Se and CF content traits were 99.04%,82.82%,93.77%,88.54%,97.82% and 98.95%,respectively;5.Linear correlation analysis shows that there are positive,negative or insignificant correlations between the contents of Ca,Fe,Zn,Cu,Se and CF,etc.The correlation heat map of traits is drawn,and there may be synergy between mineral elements Or inhibition,such as the mutual cooperation between Ca and Fe,and the mutual inhibition between Ca and Se.6.Drawn the Venn diagram of yardlong bean varieties based on mineral element content,and screened out 11 varieties with excellent nutritional properties of mineral elements,such as JD-0006 and JD-0021.The extremely high pod content reached Ca:465.94 mg/ g,Fe: 217.98 mg/kg,Zn: 111.97 mg/kg;Cu: 14.56 mg/kg.Se: 0.57 mg/kg.They were 1.39,2.51,1.62,1.38,and 1.39 times the population mean of the tested varieties,respectively.7.Based on the data clustering of 6 quality traits,the tested varieties can be divided into 5 varieties.Variety group I consists of 183 varieties,accounting for 65.36%,variety group II accounts for 26.43%,variety group III contains 2 varieties,variety group IV contains 20 varieties,and variety group V only contains variety JD-0180.The content of Ca and Fe in the variety group I,which accounted for nearly 2/3 of the total number of varieties,was higher than that in the variety group II,reaching 1.63 and 1.26 times,respectively,and the CF content in the variety group I was lower.Therefore,the comprehensive quality characters of cultivar group I were good.In the cultivar clustering diagram based only on 5 mineral element content traits,the JD-0180 cultivar is also grouped into a group with other cultivars,indicating that it is very specific,with the highest average content of Ca,Zn,and CF,respectively.were 587.48 mg/g,101.82mg/kg and 12.19%. |
