Design And Experiments Of Small Spacing And High Density Planting Mechanism

China is the largest vegetable producer in the world,but the cultivation of vegetables mostly relies on manpower,and the mechanization level is not high enough.Mechanized transplanting can greatly improve the production efficiency of vegetables,increase production,reduce labor costs and production costs,and realize automatic transplanting of vegetables is an important task at present.After reviewing the research status of vegetable transplanters at home and abroad,it was found that the current transplanter was only suitable for transplanting large spacing vegetables,and could not meet the planting needs of small spacing vegetables.In this paper,according to the high-density planting characteristics of small spacing vegetables,a design of small spacing high-density seedling planting mechanism was proposed to solve the problems of unreasonable trajectory,too large hole and poor seedling uprightness when the existing seedling planting mechanism was used for small spacing transplanting,and theoretical analysis and experiments were carried out.The main research contents of this paper are as follows :1)According to the planting characteristics of small spacing vegetables,a small spacing high density seedling planting mechanism was proposed.According to the design requirements of the seedling planting mechanism,the overall design scheme of the seedling planting mechanism with small spacing and high density was proposed,and the working principle of the mechanism was analyzed.2)The kinematics model of small spacing and high density seedling mechanism was established,and the displacement,velocity and acceleration of each point of seedling mechanism were analyzed theoretically.Based on Visual Basic 6.0(VB),the auxiliary analysis software of small spacing and high density seedling mechanism was developed.A set of satisfactory parameters were obtained by the parameter design of the seedling planting mechanism through human-computer interaction.3)According to the adjusted parameters,the structural design of the seedling planting mechanism was carried out.The parts and assembly drawings of the seedling planting mechanism were drawn by Caxa2018 software.The three-dimensional modeling of the seedling planting mechanism was carried out by Solidworks2015 software.The virtual prototype assembly of the small spacing and high density seedling planting mechanism was carried out,and the interference inspection was carried out.4)The virtual prototype simulation analysis of seedling planting mechanism was carried out by Adams software.The theoretical trajectory of the seedling planting mechanism was compared with the virtual simulation trajectory.Based on the speed of the planting nozzle and the force of the hinge point,the rationality of the design of the seedling planting mechanism was verified.5)The test bench of small spacing and high density seedling transplanting mechanism was built,and the bench test was carried out to test the kinematic characteristics of seedling transplanting mechanism.The test trajectory was compared with the previous theoretical calculation trajectory and simulation trajectory,and the theoretical analysis and test were combined to verify the feasibility of the actual work of small spacing and high density seedling transplanting mechanism.In 20 r / min ～ 40 r /min under different speeds of seedling planting test,the average success rate of seedling planting is 91.7 %,which verifies the feasibility and practicability of the seedling planting mechanism.