| With the intensive and large-scale development of animal husbandry,waste of livestock and poultry had become one of the important sources of environmental pollution.It will seriously pollute the environment and endanger human health if not well treated.The utilization of animal manure includes fertilizer,energy,feed and so on,among which fertilizer is the most common method.In the process of fertilizer utilization,Strip stacking aerobic composting has the advantages of simple operation and low cost,and has become a widely used method of manure treatment.However,the traditional strip stacking aerobic composting has disadvantages such as long duration and incomplete treatment of harmful substances,which cannot meet the current demand.Therefore,it is necessary to explore biotechnology to improve composting efficiency and quality.In this experiment,cattle manure and straw were evenly mixed at a ratio of 3:1,and the experimental group was added with microbial agent(Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,Saccharomyces cerevisiae,Trichoderma harzianum),while the control group was not added with microbial agent,to carry out composting experiment to improve the effect of traditional composting.The results show that:1.During the composting process,the temperature of the experimental group and the control group increased firstly and then decreased.The maximum temperature of the experimental group was 68.9℃,and the maximum temperature of the control group was56.4℃.The water content of the experimental group was 65.64% at the beginning and was26.31% at the end;the water content of the control group was 65.60% at the beginning and was 28.43% at the end.The experimental group decreased more rapidly than the control group and finally tended to be stable.The p H value of the experimental group was 7.99 at the beginning and 7.51 at the end,and that of the control group was 7.97 at the beginning and 7.41 at the end.The p H value of the two groups increased firstly,then decreased and finally remained stable.2.Organic matter in the experimental group decreased by 16.33% and in the control group by 13.72%,and the experimental group was lower than the control group in the whole process.The total nitrogen content in experimental group decreased by 0.13% and control group decreased by 0.15%.In the composting process,the total nitrogen content in experimental group was higher than control group.The total phosphorus content increased before and after composting,with the highest value 7.52g/kg and the lowest value 3.49g/kg in experimental group and the lowest value 7.62 g/kg and 3.63 g/kg in control group.Total k content remained stable during composting.3.In terms of microbes,in phyla level,the dominant phyla included Firmicutes(3.71-64.15%),Bacteroidetes(3.95%-31.66%),Proteobacteria(4.39%-47.12%),Actinobacteria(1.83%-6.64%),and Chlorobacteria(0.02%-48.44%).In the genus level,Clostridium,Petrimonas,Sphaerochaeta,Bacteroides,Acinetobacter,Clostridium,Psychrophilic and Pseudomonas are the dominant bacteria in the early stage of composting,and Trupera,Povalibacter and Porphyrin producing bacteria are the dominant bacteria in the late stage of composting.In conclusion,adding microbial agents in the composting process could speed up the composting process,and change the composition and quantity of microbes in different phase,and finally affect the whole composting process. |
