| With changes in market demand,safety,high-quality fruit has become a hot spot for production.As a new type of biological water-soluble fertilizer,Chinese herbal medicine water-soluble fertilizer not only provides sufficient nutrition for the tree body,but also has the effect of improving yield and quality,and has been widely used in recent years.In order to study the application effect of Chinese medicinal water-soluble fertilizer ’Chen Qisu’ on apples,in this experiment,’Gala’,’Granny Smith’,’Jonagold’,’Qincui’,’Golden Delicious’,’Honeycrisp’ and ’Fuji’ were selected.Performed foliar spraying and root irrigation treatment during the growth period,the appearance quality and various quality indicators of the fruit were measured afterthe fruit was mature.And the storage test was carried out on the reserved samples of ’Fuji’ and ’Honeycrisp’ to explore the changes in their disease resistance and storability.This paper provides reference and basis for the application of ’Chen Qisu’ on Apple.1.The single fruit weight of the seven cultivars increased after the treatment of ’Chen qisu’.Showing significant difference,’Honeycrisp’,’Qincui’,’Jonagold’,’Fuji’ and ’Granny Smith’ increased more by 40.15 g、32.69 g、31.04 g、20.58 g and 12.61 g respectively compared with the control.’Gala’ and’Golden Delicious’ increased less,and there was no significant difference with the control.Treatment of ’Chen Qisu’ increased the fruit shape index of ’Qincui’,’Gala’,’Jonagold’,’Honeycrisp’,’Golden Delicious’,but slightly decreased the fruit shape index of ’Granny Smith’ and ’Fuji’.The differences among species were not significant.’Chen Qisu’ treatment significantly improved the a*(red-green value)and the b*(yellow basket value)of ’Fuji’,’Gala’,’Jonagold’,’Honeycrisp’ apples,and increased the’Honeycrisp’Apple fruit surface brightness(L value).In terms of fruit quality,’Chen Qisu’treatment significantly increased the soluble solid content of ’Qincui’,’Fuji’ and ’Jonagold’,and decreased the soluble solid content of ’Golden Delicious’.’Gala’ ’Granny Smith’’Honeycrisp’ had no significant effect.’Chen Qisu’ had little effect on fruit firmness and overall titratable acid.In the fungi isolation test of fruit surface,Alternaria was isolated from seven cultivars.’Chen Qisu’ treatment reduced most of fungi speciesfruit surface,and had a certain inhibitory effect on Penicillium,but it had little effect on the surface colonies of’Fuji’.2.Through the research on storage properties,it was found that the respiration peaks of’Honeycrisp’ and ’Fuji’ were different in time.Among them,the peaks of ’Honeycrisp’respiration in the control group and the treatment group appeared at 45 d and 75 d,respectively,and the ’Chen Qisu’ treatment delayed the respiration peak value of fruit by 30days;’Chen Qisu’ treatment had no effect on the appearance time of fruit respiration peak value of ’Fuji’.During storage,’Chen Qisu’ treatment could inhibit the decrease of soluble solids,titratable acid content and fruit firmness of ’Honeycrisp’ and ’Fuji’ apples,effectively delaying the quality decline during storage.For ’Fuji’ cultivar,the contents of ascorbic acid,glutathione,total phenols,flavonoids,POD,CAT,SOD and other protective enzyme activities of the ’Chen Qisu’ treatment group were higher than those of the control group,and the difference was significant in the late storage period;while the contents of glutathione,total phenolics,CAT and POD enzymes of the ’Honeycrisp’ treatment group were higher than those in the control group during the storage period,but there was no significant difference in the content of ascorbic acid,flavonoids and SOD enzyme activities compared with the control group.;The MDA content of the two varieties in the control group was higher than that in the treatment group throughout the storage period.3.Through the analysis of the peel tissue structure,it was found that the apples treated with ’Chen Qisu’ had less waxy particles,more waxy fracture layers,and greater weight loss rate during storage;the apples of ’Fuji’ were just the opposite,’Chen Qisu’ treated fruit epidermis waxy structure was more complete,significantly better than the control group,and the weight loss rate and incidence rate were significantly lower than the control group.Through the inoculation resistance test,it was found that the treatment of ’Chen Qisu’significantly reduced the incidence during the inoculation period.After 1 day of inoculation with Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium,the incidence of the treatment group was reduced by8%-17% compared with the control group.The diameter of the lesions in the later stage had a significant inhibitory effect.After 7 days of inoculation,the diameter of the lesions in the treatment group decreased by 7%-17% compared with the control group. |
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