| Hanfu apple is an excellent apple variety bred by cross-breeding in Shenyang Agricultural University.Although Hanfu apple is loved by most fruit growers because of its cold resistance and large size,it is easy to suffer from calcium deficiency due to its relatively short fruit development time,thus causing a series of fruit quality problems.In this study,Hanfu apple was used as test material,calcium chloride and gibberellin solution were sprayed externally,and the changes of mineral element content,fruit quality,cell wall components and cell wall degrading enzyme activity during development and storage were determined.To explore the physiological basis of exogenous calcium spraying or gibberellin solution regulating fruit calcium nutrition and quality development,to provide theoretical reference for the study of apple fruit calcium nutrition,and to have great significance for the health and development of Hanfu apple industry.The main results are as follows:1.Exogenous gibberellin solution lengthened the stem of Hanfu apple,limited the lateral growth of the fruit and increased the fruit shape index.The single fruit weight of the fruit is obviously reduced;The basic qualities such as hardness,soluble solid content,soluble sugar content in the development process are obviously improved.Promoting the absorption of mineral elements such as calcium by fruits in development period,compared with the control,the relative content of calcium in peel increased by 23.31%;The activity of cell wall degrading enzymes such as polygalacturonase(PG),cellulase(CX),pectin methylesterase(PEP)and the like in developing fruits is reduced,the content of protopectin and cellulose in developing fruits is increased,and the content of soluble pectin is effectively reduced.compared with the control,the contents of protopectin and cellulose increased by 19.35% and 27.71% during the development period.2.Exogenous spraying calcium solution from external sources significantly reduced PG,CX and PEP activities during fruit development.The content of protopectin and cellulose during development was increased and the content of soluble pectin was decreased.It promotes the absorption of mineral elements such as calcium and transformation between different forms of calcium in fruits during development.Compared with the control,Calcium Spraying significantly increased fruit firmness(2.37%,5.11%)and soluble solid content(2.34%,4.68%)and soluble sugar content.3 Compared with the control,Exogenous spraying gibberellin and calcium solution can effectively inhibit the increase of PEP,PG and CX cell wall degrading enzyme activities in Hanfu apple fruits during storage.Improved degradation of cell wall components protopectin and cellulose and Inhibit increase of soluble pectin;increased the content of original pectin and cellulose in cell wall components,decreased the content of soluble pectin,delayed the softening of fruit texture,and increased the relative content of water-soluble calcium and pectin calcium during storage.The fruit firmness(4.67%,8.12%),soluble solids(6.02%,10.12%),sugar content were increased during storage. |
