Responses Of Potato Quality Of Different Varieties To Soil Properties In Typical Areas Of Northern Shaanxi

In order to breed potato varieties with high yield and quality in Yu Yang district,the experiment began in May and October 2020,with 11 potato varieties Yu Shu 4,Long Shu13 and Long Shu 6 as experimental varieties.Under the same condition of water and fertilizer,field tests were carried out to measure the tuber yield,quality indexes and soil physical and chemical properties.To study the differences among different potato varieties and explore the effects of soil nutrients on tuber indexes.The results are as follows:(1)The difference in weight and quality of tuber per plant: Tian Shu No.15 had the highest weight per plant,and Long Shu 16 had the lowest.The highest content of potato starch was Li Shu 7 and the lowest was Long Shu 6.The highest soluble total sugar content was Li Shu 7,and the lowest was Tian Shu 15.Long Shu 13 had the highest reducing sugar content,Ning Shu 18 had the lowest,Yu Shu 3 had the highest crude protein content,Tian Shu 14 had the lowest.The variety with the highest vitamin C content was Yu Shu 3 and the lowest was Yu Shu 4.(2)Differences in soil factors: through overall comparison of soil water content and soil nutrients of different varieties of potato,the distribution law is not obvious with the increase of soil depth,but the overall trend is first increased and then decreased.The differences of soil nutrient contents among different varieties were obvious.(3)Cluster analysis based on quality and soil factor indexes: Based on the clustering analysis of varieties with comprehensive quality indexes,different varieties of potato can be divided into three types by Q-type clustering,Yu Shu 3 and Li Shu 7 are the first type.Long Shu 13 and Long Shu 16 are the second type;The remaining varieties belong to the third category.Based on the cluster analysis of soil comprehensive indexes,different potato varieties can be divided into three types by Q-type clustering,Yu Shu 3 and Tian Shu 14 are the first type.Ding Shu 4,Long Shu No.6 and Tian Shu 15 are the second type.Yu Shu 4,Long Shu 13,Li Shu 7,Ning Shu 17,Ning Shu 18 and Long Shu 16 belong to the third category.(4)The relationship between soil factors and the yield and quality of potato tuber:the effect of different varieties of potato on soil factors was not obvious with the increase of soil depth;the contents of available nitrogen nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,organic matter and electrical conductivity decreased gradually;and the p H range as a whole is pretty much constant.Reaction of soil factors on potato yield and quality,p H value,electrical conductivity,ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen had a great effect on the content of total soluble sugar,and p H value and electrical conductivity had a positive effect on the content of total soluble sugar.The effect of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen on total soluble sugar content was negative.The effect of electrical conductivity,available potassium and nitrate nitrogen on starch content is greater,and available potassium has a positive effect on starch content.The effect of electrical conductivity and nitrate nitrogen on starch content was negative.p H value,available potassium,organic matter and ammonium nitrogen have great influence on crude protein content,and p H value has positive effect on crude protein content.The effect of available potassium,organic matter and ammonium nitrogen on crude protein content was negative.Soil moisture content,p H value and organic matter had great influence on vitamin C content,and p H value had positive effect on vitamin C content.Soil water content and organic matter had a negative effect on vitamin C content.Soil moisture content,p H value and available potassium had a great effect on reducing sugar content,and available potassium had a positive effect on reducing sugar content.Soil moisture content and p H value had a negative effect on reducing sugar content.The effects of electric conductivity,available potassium,nitrate nitrogen and available phosphorus on tuber weight per plant were significant,and nitrate nitrogen had a positive effect on tuber weight per plant.Electrical conductivity,available K and available P had negative effects on tuber weight per plant.