| Musk belongs to a rare animal herb with secretion of complex biosynthesis mechanism.The musk deer and other rare wild animals are very precious sources for musk production.For pecuniary benefit,the poaching of musk deer is more and more serious that the numbers of precious wild animals such as musk deer are persistently decreasing year by year.Muskrat is the best substitute of musk deer to musk production but the lower product efficiency can meet the demand.Therefore,improving the efficiency of muskrat musk production exists great significance to alleviate musk demand.The hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis,as an critical neuroendocrine system for the animal estrus,can induce musk production in non-breeding muskrats by secreting luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone,luteinizing hormone and testosterone,which helps to increase the efficacy of incense production in muskrats while also provides theoretical support for the study of the physiological and molecular mechanism of muskrat musk production by exogenous hormone induce.So,for the properties of muskrat efficiently secreting musk to provide meaningful guides for the production,on the exploration of secreting musk mechanism of muskrat glands,and the influence rule of hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis hormone on the working performance of muskrat,the muskrats have been selected as the research objects to inject high,medium and low doses of Lluteinizing hormone releasing hormone(LRH)(1,0.1,and 0.01mg),Luteinizing hormone(LH),and Testosterone Propionate(TP)(50,20,and 5 mg)to stimulate muskrat for making musk.Results had been shown in following1.LH and TP stimulation can induce muskrat secretion reaction in non-breeding period after 6-13 days.The shortest duration of secretion is 6.33±0.47 days using the highest dose of TP stimulation but LRH can’t induce muskrat secretion reaction in continuous 30 days.2.The influence of inducing muskrat to produce musk during non-breeding period on the yield and quality of fragrances was detected.The results revealed that the highest dose of TP induced group had the highest incense yield(P<0.01)which is 0.854±0.115 g,and is significantly higher than that of the low dose of TP inducing group(0.557±0.045g),the high dose of LH induced group(0.556±0.054g),the medium dose of LH induced group(0.521±0.055g)and the low dose LH inducing group(0.313±0.022g).The highest average amount of incense was followed by the medium concentration TP induced group(0.652± 0.079g),which is significantly higher than the low concentration LH induced group(P<0.05).The highest content of musk ketone in the induced muskrat incense was found in the high dose of TP inducing group(0.012±0.001 mg/ m L)and the high dose of LH inducing group(0.010±0.002 mg/ m L)(P<0.01).There is no significant difference between other induction groups(P>0.05).However,in the detection of musk ketone content,there is also no significant difference between the LH induced groups and the TP induced groups(P>0.05).In conclusion,the musk production in the TP induced group is higher than that in the LH induced group,and the muscone content of musk produced by high dose hormone stimulation is higher than other treatments.3.The normal musk secretion yield and quality of muskrat in the second year after induction were detected,and the detection results of normal secretion yield of muskrat in the breeding period of 11 groups showed that the Mock group had no significant difference from other experimental groups and control groups(P<0.05).The normal yield of the control group was significantly lower than that of the high-dose LRH induction group(P<0.05),and no significant difference compared with other experimental groups(P>0.05),there was no significant difference in musk ketone concentration between the 11 groups and the control groups.Further analysis of the progressive correlation between the induced dose,the reaction time of the occurrence of musk secretion,the production of musk secretion and the muscone content have been found that there was a significant positive correlation between the production of incense and the muscone content in the TP-induced groups,but there was no significant correlation between the production of incense and the muscone content in the LH induced group.The Principle Component analysis(PCA)of all the data of the induced groups and the natural groups showed that the scatter plot based on musk yield and muscone content could not distinguish the difference of musk yield between the induced group and the natural group,which further indicated that there was no correlation between musk yield and quality.From the above,LH and TP could induce musk secretion in non-breeding musk rats,and the dose could affect musk secretion yield,musk quality and time of musk secretion reaction.Muskrat secrete there is no correlation between the yield and quality,however TP induced group secrete incense production and musk ketone content has significant positive correlation.The TP for sweet musk rats’ gland synthetic musk secretion of hormones directly,suggested in the hypothalamus-pituitary-testosterone regulation axis.The testosterone had been secreted by testicular to directly influence musk synthesis.All results have provided basis for the enhancing efficient of muskrat musk production and dissection physiology and molecular biology mechanism of musk production by muskrat. |
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