Evaluation And Influencing Factors Of Agricultural Eco-efficiency At Provincial Level In China

China is a large agricultural country with a large population,and agriculture is an important basis and prerequisite for the development of other industries.The rapid economic development after the reform and opening up has increasingly damaged the environment,and the predatory management of agriculture and the emphasis on the quantity of agricultural products have resulted in the long-term over-dependence of agriculture on the utilization of natural resources and the input of chemical products.The sustainable development of agriculture is constrained by both environment and resources.In recent years,China has paid more and more attention to agricultural sustainable development and agricultural supply-side structural reform,which further confirms the importance of agriculture as the basis of the national economy and its ecological efficiency.Through the evaluation of agricultural ecological efficiency,the capacity and real level of agricultural ecosystem can be quantitatively evaluated,which lays a theoretical foundation for the regression of agricultural essential function,transformation and upgrading,and the healthy and stable development of economy.This article is mainly engaged in agricultural ecological efficiency is calculated and the space-time evolution and the analysis of the influence factors of research work.Firstly,the super-efficiency SBM-DEA model containing unexpected outputs was used to calculate the agricultural eco-efficiency of 30 provinces in China from 2009 to 2019,and the redundancy of 12 provinces with low agricultural eco-efficiency in 2019 was analyzed in depth.Secondly,the temporal and spatial evolution law of agricultural eco-efficiency was explored.Finally,financial support for agriculture,farmers’ disposable income,industrial development level,machinery density,agricultural planting structure and agricultural disaster rate were selected as factors affecting agricultural ecological efficiency.Based on the preliminary analysis of the data collected in this paper and the inference of relevant models,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)At the national level,China’s agricultural eco-efficiency fluctuated during the survey period.The agricultural eco-efficiency of Beijing,Shanghai,Guangdong,Shandong and other provinces was relatively high,and remained at the leading level in China.The agricultural eco-efficiency of Shanxi,Yunnan,Jiangxi,Gansu and other provinces was relatively low,and could not be improved in a short time.The input-output redundancy of agricultural eco-efficiency in China in 2019 shows that the main factors causing efficiency loss include total power of agricultural machinery,pollutant emissions and excessive use of chemical fertilizers,pesticides and mulching film.(2)Based on the results of time and space Markov state transfer matrix,it was found that the agricultural eco-efficiency of China had the stability of maintaining the original state and the path dependence,and had an upward transfer trend on the whole.However,it was difficult to realize the leapfrog transfer in the continuous period,and the probability of upward transfer of the agricultural eco-efficiency adjacent to the low state was small when the transition from low state to high state.The probability of upward transfer is greater when it is adjacent to the high-state region.(3)According to the results of standard deviation ellipse analysis,the overall spatial pattern of agricultural eco-efficiency in China was northwest to southeast during the investigation period,and the overall development trend was high in the east and low in the west,high in the south and low in the north.The overall spatial pattern of agricultural eco-efficiency in China had little change and was basically stable.In terms of the moving path of the center of gravity,the mean center of gravity experienced a spatial swing,and fluctuated greatly from east to west,with a trend of moving toward southeast.(4)The panel random effect model was used to analyze the influencing factors of agricultural eco-efficiency in China.The results showed that farmers’ per capita disposable income,industrial development level and agricultural machinery density had a significant promoting effect on agricultural eco-efficiency,while agricultural planting structure had a significant inhibiting effect.Based on the conclusions of this paper,the following suggestions are put forward to help achieve sustainable agricultural development.We will strengthen the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution,ensure the safety of agricultural products,and enhance the resilience of agriculture to risks.We will strengthen scientific and technological support for ecological agriculture,develop and apply green agricultural machinery and equipment,and vigorously develop intelligent agriculture.Promote regional agricultural development in coordination,adapt measures to local conditions,strengthen openness and cooperation,and promote the formation of spatial association network of agricultural ecological efficiency.Popularize green and ecological agriculture,make comprehensive use of traditional media and new media,carry out online and offline skills training on a daily basis,and create a good social atmosphere for the development of ecological agriculture.