| Elymus L.is a class of grass grasses with wide distribution in Eurasia,abundant wild resources,good quality and strong stress resistance.In this study,40 wild Elymus L.germplasms from different sources were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 23 phenotypic traits in the same habitat,and comprehensively evaluate the growth period,agronomic traits and nutritional quality.The main results are as follows:1.The 40 Elymus L.germplasm materials had abundant phenotypic genetic diversity.The variation coefficient of 23 phenotypic traits ranged from 12.72%to 39.25%,and the diversity index ranged from 1.38 to 2.07,top second leaf width,flag leaf width,stem diameter,stem length under ear,number of ears,the length of inflorescence and the 1000-grain weight were the main factors affecting the phenotypic variation and genetic diversity of Elymus L.Cluster analysis of 40 germplasm materials can be divided into 5 categories,Group Ⅰ has thin stems and small leaves,but large seeds and great seed quality.Group Ⅱ has small leaves,short spikelets,and the first glume and lemma are small.Group Ⅲhas sturdy stem,many stem nodes,long stem at the base,but short stem under the ear and no seeds.Group Ⅳ has thick stem,long stem under the ear,large leaves,long spikelets,and large seeds.Group Ⅴhas many nodes and spikelets,but shorter basal and subspikelets and smaller seeds.2.The evaluation results of agronomic traits showed that E2,E3 and E4 had longer growth days(195 d),corresponding to longer growth days(135 d),and E24,E29 and E33 had the shortest growth days(94 d).E29 had the highest average growth rate(0.69 cm·d-1)and the strongest growth ability,while E7 had the lowest average growth rate(0.36 cm·d-1).E38,E17,E40,E37,E36 and E39 showed outstanding results in leaf-stem ratio,tiller number,grass yield and seed yield,E29,E33,E28,E34 and E22 showed outstanding seed yield,and E32 and E14 showed outstanding grass yield.3.The evaluation results of nutritional quality showed that E17,E33,E29,E16,E38,E14,E22,E40,E30 and E3 were the 10 germplasm materials with high nutritional quality and high crude protein and crude fat contents,low fiber and crude ash contents and high feeding value.4.According to grey correlation degree analysis,seed yield,hay yield,fresh grass yield and crude protein were the most important traits in the comprehensive evaluation system of agronomic traits and nutritional components of Elymus L.germplasm,and could be initially used as key traits in germplasm evaluation and screening of Elymus L.germplasm.E38,E17,E29,E33,E40,E39,E28,E14 and E22 showed good comprehensive performance,with strong tillering ability,high yield,high crude protein content and low fiber content,which could be used as excellent parents for breeding multi-objective traits.A total of 6 materials with better agronomic traits,2 materials with high hay yield,5 materials with high seed yield,10 materials with excellent nutritional quality,and 9 materials with outstanding comprehensive traits,and 7 main traits affecting phenotypic variation were screened in the experiment,which can provide basic materials and theoretical basis for the research on the germplasm resources of Elymus L.and the breeding of new varieties. |
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