| This experiment was conducted in guanghan from October 2017 to October 2019 with the rice variety quanyouhuazan and rape variety chuanyou no.36 as test materials.The main purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of rice tanker operation mode on the yield of soil fertilize crops and greenhouse gas emissions.Experiment single factor random area group plot experiment,the factor is the cultivation technology model,the design has 3 kinds of patterns,the control is the conventional tillage,the straw does not return to the field,a total of 5 kinds of treatment,3 times repeat,a total of 15 plots.The results of the two-year study are as follows:1.In terms of soil fertility,different rice oil rotation modes have the most obvious effect on soil bulk density and soil porosity of 0-20 cm plough layer,among which T4 is more conducive to the improvement of soil bulk density and soil porosity of plough layer.The content of total phosphorus and alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen were mainly concentrated in 0-20 cm arable soil,while the optimal model T3 could improve the nutrient content of arable soil,while the other soil layers had little change in soil nutrient;the optimal model T3 could also promote the accumulation of total phosphorus and alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen in 10-20 cm arable soil,while the conventional model T2 could only promote the total phosphorus and alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen in 0-10 cm arable soil Accumulation of nitrogen.2.In the aspect of Rice Agronomic characters,in the early stage of rice tillering,optimization model T5 can promote the rapid growth of rice tiller number,but in the later stage of rice tillering,the increase or decrease of tiller number of T2 in the conventional model of straw returning to the field has little change.There was no significant difference in SPAD value among different treatments,among which the conventional mode was higher than the optimal mode.There was no significant difference in the dry matter weight of rice in the main growth period,but the dry matter weight of rice increased first and then decreased with the development of the growth period,and the transfer rate and contribution rate of rice in the conventional mode of straw returning to the field were the highest.3.In terms of yield components and yield,the optimized model(T3)can promote the formation of rice yield,mainly improving the effective panicle,the number of grains per panicle and the seed setting rate,while the conventional model(T1)with straw not returned to the field has the highest yield.4.In terms of greenhouse gases,the cumulative emissions of CH4 and N2 O are the smallest under the optimization mode T5;the comprehensive greenhouse effect and greenhouse gas emission intensity in two years show the rule of T3 > T4 > T5.It shows that T5 is more conducive to environmental friendliness.5.In terms of economic benefits: the output value and net income of T2 are higher than those of T3,T4 and T5.Compared with T2,the yield of the optimized model is lower,and the cost of fertilizer and seed is higher.Therefore,the output value and net income of the optimized model are reduced.To sum up,under the rice oil rotation mode,the conventional mode T2 of straw returning to the field can not only improve soil fertility,but also benefit rice growth and yield formation,improve economic benefits,and at the same time,under the conventional mode T2 of straw returning to the field,the contribution rate of greenhouse gas emissions of rice field is the smallest.Under the condition of rice oil rotation,the conventional cultivation in rice season can improve the soil condition,promote the growth of rice,increase the yield and income,and also be beneficial to the environment. |
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