Study On Semi-wild Cultivation Techniques And Mechanism Of Sclerotia Formation Of Polyporus Umbellatus

Polyporus umbellatus（Pers.）Fries is a traditional Chinese medicine.Its sclerotia is used as the medicine,which has the effects of clearing damp and promiting diuresis,anti-tumor and anti-oxidation.In recent years,with the devastating mining of wild Polyporus umbellatus,the wild resources are almost exhausted,and most of the current circulation in the market is artificially cultivated Polyporus umbellatus.However,due to the fact that the biological characteristics of the Polyporus umbellatus are not very clear,there are many problems such as uneven seeding,shortage of good seedlings,imperfect cultivation techniques,and unstable yield in artificial cultivation.This experiment aimed at the common problems in the artificial cultivation,and carried out research on the effects of different planting densities,the addition of Armillaria mellea and nutrients on the yield.Based on the previous research,studied on the system screening laboratory cultivated of the solid,liquid,bag medium and investigate the effects of fermentation broth of soil microorganisms on the growth and development of hyphae of Polyporus umbellatus and extracellular polysaccharide contentpromoted.In order to provide a certain technical support for the large scale production and mechanism of sclerotia Formation of Polyporus umbellatus.The main results of this study are as follows:1.The highest yield growth rate of the Polyporus umbellatus was the density of 300g/nest;when the amount of Armillaria mellea was 1125 g/nest,the yiele growth rate was the highest;the addition of Zn SO₄·7H₂O 5 g/nest had the remarkable effect on the Polyporus umbellatus yield.2.The suitable medium for the culture of Polyporus umbellatus was No.1 medium and No.5 medium;and the suitable liquid culture of Polyporus umbellatus was No.1 medium;0.08%Zn SO₄,0.2%Cu SO₄,0.2%and 1.0%humic acid were added to the bag medium which could increase the growth rate of hyphae.3.In the plate culture,moderate concentrations of ascorbic acid（1.0 mg/m L、2.0mg/m L、4.0 mg/m L、5.0 mg/m L）and H₂O₂（0.10%、0.20%、0.40%、0.50%、0.75%、1.0%）could promote the formation of sclerotia.As the concentration increases,the hyphae became denser.The concentration was inversely proportional to the mycelial growth rate.In the bag culture,ascorbic acid inhibited the growth of the hyphae of Polyporus umbellatus,and the proper amount of H₂O₂treatment promoted the mycelial growth.Moderate concentration of ascorbic acid（4.0 mg/m L）and H₂O₂（0.40%）could promote the formation of sclerotia.4.In the plate culture,the bacterial fermentation broth promoted the formation of sclerotia of Polyporus umbellatus,and the actinomycetes A3,A14,fungi P3 and P4promoted the growth of the mycelium of the Polyporus umbellatus;In the liquid culture,the fungus P4 fermentation could significantly increase the mycelial yield of the Polyporus umbellatus,and the actinomycetes A3 fermentation solution could significantly increase the extracellular polysaccharide content of the hyphae.5.The anatomical of the sclerotia of Polyporus umbellatus results showed that there was a certain difference between artificially cultivating the sclerotia sclerotium and the wild sclerotium.The former had a larger hyphae diameter,the latter had a smaller hyphae diameter,and the hyphae entanglement was more compact.