Research On Multiport Pricing Strategy Based On Noncooperative Game

With the intensification of globalization and the rapid development of shipping market,more container liner routes have established increasingly close links between various regions and the mainland.In order to adapt to the rapid development of the market,ports of various countries continue to expand their business.The importance of transshipment business has gradually become prominent,and this index has become an important part of measuring the international status of ports.In the liner transport market,ports need to fully consider the uncertain factors such as competitors and carrier behavior to formulate reasonable pricing strategies.Carriers choose liner routes and transit ports with the best economic benefits to complete container transportation tasks.When the market volume is basically stable,ports will form a competitive relationship to compete for more transit business,and carriers need to choose the most appropriate transportation routes in the case of pricing of many ports and different routes.This thesis proposes that ports can compete for container transfer business by adjusting pricing strategy.In order to analyze the competition relationship between ports,a twolayer programming model is established for the interaction between the pricing strategy of each port and the transportation behavior of carriers.The upper layer describes the pricing behavior of each port,and the lower layer describes the formulation of the container transportation scheme.In addition,a heuristic algorithm based on sensitivity analysis is proposed to establish and solve the relationship between the upper and lower layers.Secondly,in order to consider the mutual influence of pricing behaviors among all ports,a generalized Nash equilibrium model with equilibrium constraints is established,which is composed of twolayer programming models of all ports,that is,a game problem with multiple leaders and common followers is formed,and an equilibrium solution is sought through diagonalization technology.In order to test the feasibility of the model,a liner transport network consisting of ten routes and six ports was established,including the OD demand of each port and the capacity of each route port.The results of the example were analyzed from the two perspectives of port pricing strategy and container transport scheme.The analysis results show that there is an equilibrium solution for the multiport pricing game established in this thesis.Ports can only maximize their earnings by adjusting their pricing strategies based on their existing strength.The experimental results can expose the problems and bottlenecks in route planning and port.