Research On Driver’s Route Choice Equilibrium Based On Game Theory

With the rapid development of social economy,the scale of cities keep expanding,the population is growing,and the traffic demand is increasing rapidly,which leads to the problem of urban traffic congestion becoming more and more serious.Traffic congestion causes time loss,to a great extent,and increases travel cost,which has become one of the factors restricting the sustainable development of cities.The decision-making behavior of the driver’s travel directly affects the traffic condition of the entire road network.Therefore,a model system should be established reasonably by using relevant theoretical knowledge to further optimize the whole path selection system.Game theory is used as an analysis tool in the driver’s route selection.The combination of the players has a new breakthrough in the problem of path selection,through the establishment of mathematical model of the game between the drivers,concreting abstract problems,and the internal relationship between drivers can be better grasped,according to the relationship establish game model,and solve the possible situation of maximizing travel revenue,so as to provide theoretical basis for reasonably formulating traffic management strategies,thereby reducing travel time,reducing travel costs,alleviating traffic congestion,and enhancing the traffic capacity of road networks,and eliminating obstacles in building a harmonious society.Therefore,considering the uncertainty of the game information among drivers,this paper mainly studies the two major problems:the equilibrium of driver’s path selection under the static game of complete information and the equilibrium of driver’s path selection under the static game of incomplete information,in the process of travel,most drivers expect the least travel cost,the game model is established based on the benefits obtained by the driver’s choice strategies,and the corresponding solution methods are given to solve equilibrium solutions of the driver’s choice of the optimal route.Finally,a real example is given for verification,and the feasibility and practicability of the model are accurately analyzed.The specific research contents are as follows:(1)The research background,research purpose and significance of the equilibrium problem of driver’s travel route choice are introduced,and summarize the application of the game theory in the field of transportation and the research status at home and abroad,and discusses the game theory knowledge involved in this paper.(2)Based on the complete information static game theory,this paper studies the driver’s choice of travel route equilibrium problems.According to the game relationship between drivers,the payment function under the game theory is defined,and gives different strategies under the driver’s profit,introducing a new method to solve the Nash equilibrium,that is,the optimal response function method,and solves the complete information static game model of driver path selection,thus according to the Nash equilibrium for each driver’s best path selection.Finally,the feasibility of the model and algorithm is effectively illustrated by an example.(3)Based on the incomplete information static game theory,this paper studies the equilibrium of the selection strategy of cooperation between drivers.Firstly,a static Bayesian game model is established for driver A and driver B of uncertain types in advance,and then using the Harsanyi transformation method to introduce a virtual participant "natural",so that the driver knows the probability distribution of the type of driver B,the static game of incomplete information is transformed by Harsanyi,to solve it is concluded that the Bayesian Nash equilibrium,the parameters of the equilibrium solutions are analyzed to obtain a better decision plan.