| In modern industrial production,in order to ensure the smooth operation of heavy lifting and transportation machinery and large automated production line equipment,safety protection devices such as buffer need to be installed between equipment to protect them from impacts.Among the many types of buffers,hydraulic buffer are widely used in the field of heavy-duty equipment buffering due to their sensitive dynamic response,high buffer energy absorption rate,smooth buffer deceleration process and no rebound phenomenon.At present,the structure of hydraulic buffer mainly relies on empirical design and lacks the guidance of relevant theories.Therefore,this thesis takes the gradual throttling hydraulic buffer as the research object and carries out the following main research contents through the analysis of the buffering principle of hydraulic buffer:(1)In view of the asymptotic throttle damping effect of hydraulic buffer,a method of calculating the throttle area of the buffer damping hole is proposed to simulate the dynamic change of the throttle area of the buffer damping hole with displacement during the buffering process,and a mathematical model of the buffering process of hydraulic buffer is established by applying the relevant theories of fluid mechanics and Newtonian mechanics;the calculation results show that the mathematical model can accurately simulate the dynamic characteristics of hydraulic buffer under the impact conditions,and the numerical calculation results are closer to the actual working conditions.(2)Numerical simulation analysis based on the mathematical model of the buffer process was conducted to further investigate the effects of dynamic changes in the throttling area of the damping hole,impact conditions(impact mass and impact velocity),annular gap width and eccentricity on the dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic buffer,analyze the change law of the dynamic characteristics of the buffer under the influence of different parameter conditions,and build a simulation model of the hydraulic buffer using AMESim simulation software to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the mathematical model.(3)The hydraulic buffer designed by the traditional empirical method will have the problems of high peak dynamic characteristics and low actual buffering efficiency.To solve the above problems,the key structural parameters such as damping hole diameter,hole spacing and annular gap of the buffer are taken as the optimized design variables,and the genetic algorithm is applied to optimize the structure design of the buffer.The dynamic characteristics of the buffer before and after optimization are compared and analyzed to verify the rationality of the optimized structure.(4)To address the problem of lacking technical means in the design and production process of existing buffers,a hydraulic buffer simulation and optimization design software was developed using MATLAB GUI.This software is used for dynamic calculation of hydraulic buffer characteristics,analysis of buffering performance,and structural optimization design.The software has the function of storing and importing simulation and optimization calculation data,providing a fast analysis and calculation tool for hydraulic buffer,and further guiding the design and production of hydraulic buffer. |
