| The Northwest Sichuan Plateau is located in the northwest of Sichuan Province,with an elevation of 3000～4000m above sea level.It is divided into cold and cold regions in the thermal zoning of buildings.The air temperature in the northwest Sichuan Plateau is low all year round.Summer is cool and suitable,and winter is cold and long.Benefiting from the local Tibetan ethnic culture and Tibetan Buddhist religious culture,the traditional houses in this area show unique features and features.There are various types of Tibetan dwellings,including stone diaofang,rammed earth Diaofang,cabinet Diaofang,and Dongwoki,among which stone Diaofang is the most typical of traditional Tibetan dwellings.However,the traditional construction of residential buildings has been unable to meet the needs of local residents,more and more local residents began to seek ways to improve the indoor thermal environment.In the process of exploration,local residents put their eyes on more advanced improvement methods and methods.However,due to the unique climatic and geographical conditions in northwestern Sichuan,direct use of improvement methods suitable for other regions often fails to achieve the expected effect.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore optimization strategies applicable to traditional Tibetan dwellings under the triple background of protecting traditional villages,rural revitalization and dual-carbon goals.In this paper,several villages in northwest Sichuan were visited and investigated.By means of questionnaire survey and field measurement,the present situation of traditional Tibetan dwellings in northwest Sichuan and residents’ thermal perception and thermal expectation were basically understood.At the same time,important experimental parameters such as indoor and outdoor actual air temperature and humidity of dwellings and thermal performance of building envelope were also obtained.The Energy Plus software was used to conduct numerical simulation of three cases of residential buildings respectively,and the current situation of traditional Tibetan residential buildings in the northwest Sichuan Plateau was further understood through horizontal comparison.Then,based on the obtained data and conclusions,the optimization simulation is carried out on the form function and enclosure structure of the building,and the improvement effect of the additional sunlight room on the current residential buildings is discussed.Through the comparison and analysis of the simulation results of various optimization strategies,the comprehensive optimization scheme which can be widely applied to the residential buildings in northwest Sichuan is finally proposed.Through the research on the current situation of indoor thermal environment of traditional Tibetan dwellings in the northwest Sichuan Plateau,we can see that the indoor thermal environment in this area is poor,and the outdoor temperature fluctuates widely,with the average temperature around 8 ℃.Indoor temperature fluctuates relatively smoothly,with the average temperature around 13℃.The temperature level throughout the year is lower than the standard range,dry and cold in winter,more suitable in summer,indoor thermal environment is poor,the thermal performance of the building is in urgent need of improvement.Through comparative analysis of indoor thermal environment optimization strategies,it can be seen that:(1)the additional sunlight room can use the solar energy to effectively raise the temperature of the main room,with a maximum increase of 7℃;(2)External wall should adopt internal insulation,and the optimal effect is best when the heat transfer coefficient of external wall is around K=0.15W/m2·K;(3)The exterior window should be made of wooden window frame and double-layer insulating glass of "6mm transparent glass +12mm thick air layer +6mm transparent glass" structure;(4)The improvement effect of roof optimization on indoor thermal environment is very limited.Based on economic considerations,roof optimization and improvement can not be considered. |
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