Soundscape Evaluation Of Typical Urban Wetland Park In Spring Afternoon In Chengdu

As the "green lung" of the city,urban wetland park provides ecological foundation,recreation and buffer space for the development of the city,which is not only an important part of the construction of urban green space system and urban ecological environment,but also an infrastructure with an important mission of sustainable urban development.Urban wetland park landscape traditional ecological park design often focuses only on ecological visual and use functions,while neglecting the integration of soundscape design.This paper takes a typical urban wetland park in Chengdu as the research object,and through field research and subjective and objective evaluation,studies the soundscape characteristics and evaluation methods of the wetland park,and proposes an optimal design strategy for the wetland park to provide guidance for the wetland park soundscape design.This study firstly composes the relevant concepts and theories of soundscape,and composes the basic information of the typical Chengdu urban wetland parks selected for the study(including Bailuwan National Urban Wetland Park,Baihetan National Urban Wetland Park and Yuhu Wetland Park).On this basis,subjective evaluation of the soundscape of the three parks in the spring afternoon(13:00-17:00)was conducted,subjective evaluation indexes of the overall sound environment and sound source evaluation indexes were established through questionnaires,four public factors were extracted from the selected evaluation indexes,and the regression relationship between the public factors and the satisfaction of the soundscape was analyzed.Secondly,the objective evaluation of the three parks was conducted to analyze the time and space distribution,sound level magnitude,noise level,quietness and noise pollution index of the soundscape through field measurements.Finally,the principles of field park soundscape optimization,ideas of optimal design and optimization strategies were proposed.The main research findings are as follows:(1)The subjective evaluation semantics of the overall soundscape include natural/artificial,bright/dark,meaningful/non-meaningful,quiet/loud,happy/sad,soft/harsh,changing/simple and directional/omnidirectional.The four metric factors extracted by factor analysis were sense of connotation,pleasure,softness and quietness.In addition,the regression relationship between the common factors and the final evaluation index of soundscape satisfaction was studied,and a three-level evaluation structure of "satisfaction regression-common factors-semantic words" was established.The satisfaction of the main sound sources was positively correlated with coordination and good feeling,and negatively correlated with subjective loudness.The order of satisfaction of sound sources is: natural sound > living sound > artificial sound.(2)The soundscape of the three parks mainly consisted of artificial sound,natural sound and living sound.The influence of the soundscape composition of the parks was related to factors such as geographic location,biological composition,and human activities.The sound level of the three urban wetland parks in spring afternoons showed an inverted "V" curve,and the maximum average A sound level was detected between 16:00 and 17:00.The A-sound level noise pollution index of Yuhu Wetland Park was evaluated,and other two wetland parks were all bad.(3)Based on the comparative analysis of the soundscape of typical urban wetland parks in spring afternoons in Chengdu,the role of sensory experience and spatial behavior theory in the design of soundscape of typical urban wetland parks in spring afternoons in Chengdu was investigated.From the three levels of "subjective perception-objective index-theory integration",we propose strategies for optimizing the soundscape of a typical urban wetland park in spring afternoons in Chengdu.