A Study On The Health Affordance Evaluation Of Urban Community Public Space

Community public space is the basic unit of residents’ daily outdoor activities and an important link to maintain public health and quality of life.The scientific evaluation of its health utility is the fundamental work of building a "healthy community" in the context of Healthy China.At present,the common research approach in the academic community on the health utility of community public spaces is to treat users as subjects and the environment as objects,focusing on identifying objective environmental factors that affect population health,and analyzing how these environmental factors affect population health.However,the interaction between environmental factors and crowd behavior activities in community public spaces is relatively complex,which can affect the accuracy of health utility evaluation in community public spaces.Therefore,taking the complex interaction between "environment behavior" as the subject of evaluation,exploring the characteristics of community public space environment that can promote positive interaction between people and the environment,and guiding residents to form a healthy lifestyle,is an important issue in creating a healthy community.The concept of "affordance" proposed in the field of ecological psychology in the study of the "environment behavior" interaction is closely related to population health,and various health promoting interactions between people and the environment also belong to one type of affordance,namely the health affordance of the environment.Therefore,this article selects the Huimin community in Chengdu as the research object,introduces the theory of affordance,and evaluates the health affordance of urban community public spaces from a dynamic perspective of "environment behavior" interaction.Firstly,construct a health affordance evaluation matrix for four types of public spaces in urban communities(square space,fitness space,street space,and green space).Secondly,through interactive verification using behavioral observation and semi-structured interview methods,evaluate the positive,potential,and negative affordance of the four types of public spaces in the Huimin community in the dimensions of physical activity,stress relaxation,and social interaction.Finally,based on the evaluation results,the environmental factors and characteristics that affect the health affordance of various types of community spaces are sorted out,and optimization strategies and models for the health affordance of urban community public spaces are proposed,and design and practical applications are carried out.The research conclusion is as follows:(1)Starting from three aspects of affordance classification(physical activity affordance,stress relaxation affordance,social interaction affordance),affordance interaction content(AUA: interaction between users and environmental elements;AAA: interaction between environmental elements;AEA: interaction between environmental elements),and affordance occurrence(positive affordance,potential affordance,negative affordance),Construct a logical framework for the health affordance evaluation matrix of public spaces.On this basis,taking Huimin Community in Wenjiang District,Chengdu as an example,the four types of public space environmental elements in urban communities were collected and analyzed,and the health affordance evaluation matrix for the four types of public spaces in urban communities(square space,fitness space,street space,and green space)was obtained.(2)According to the evaluation results,the environmental factors that affect the health affordance of urban community squares are plants,pavilions,seats,venues and paving,streetlights,water features,and tree pool seats;The environmental factors that affect the health affordance of urban community fitness spaces include fitness equipment,venues and paving,plants,seats,seats and fitness equipment,vehicles,and streetlights;The environmental factors that affect the health and affordance of urban community street space include venues and paving,plants,temporary seats and tables,vehicles,and shops;The environmental factors that affect the health and affordance of urban community green space include plants,tree pool seats,water features,street lights,and plants and seats.(3)The overall optimization strategy for the healthy affordance of urban community square space is to "create a diverse and composite space","control the number,types,and layout of various facilities",and "add water features and plant landscapes".The overall optimization strategy for the health affordance of urban community fitness spaces is to "control the number,types,and layout of various facilities" and "create a space that combines enclosure and openness";The overall optimization strategy for the health affordance of urban community street space is to "build a healthy slow moving network","create resting places that attract visitors",and "shape a positive and friendly business interface";The overall optimization strategies for the health and affordance of urban community green space include "optimizing water and plant landscapes","creating a space with a sense of security and privacy",and "optimizing the materials,types,and layout of recreational facilities".The results of this study provide positive guidance for the strengthening of positive affordance,exploration of potential affordance,and optimization of negative affordance in the construction of urban community public spaces,and further provide theoretical basis for the healthy design and transformation of urban community public spaces,laying a foundation for improving the health service performance of urban community public spaces.