| Energy consumption in buildings is a significant part of final energy consumption,accounting for 20-40% of the world’s total energy consumption.And carbon emissions from the building sector account for 40% of total CO2 emissions.Among them,HVAC systems account for 50% of the total energy consumption in buildings.Therefore,reducing the energy consumption of HVAC systems is the key to minimizing the energy consumption of buildings.Solar energy,as an abundant renewable and clean energy source,has the advantages of universality,abundance,long-term and cleanliness,and will make a great contribution to alleviating energy shortage and reducing the pressure of energy conservation.As a passive solar technology with simple,convenient and efficient construction,sunspace is often used in urban residential buildings and has a positive contribution to China’s commitment to achieve "carbon peaks" and "carbon neutrality".In this paper,the thermal effects of sunspace in three different usage modes during the winter heating period and non-heating period are explored by taking an old urban cluster house in Qingdao,a cold area in Shandong Province,as an example,and by actually measuring the indoor temperature conditions of sunspace,bedrooms adjacent to sunspace and bedrooms without sunspace;in addition,three summer usage In addition,three summer use modes were designed and measured,and measures to solve the possible overheating problem of sunspace in summer were discussed.Numerous scholars have shown that the performance of sunspace depends on many variables.In this study,a parametric performance optimization approach was also used to establish a parametric model of a residential building based on the Grasshopper platform,and the Ladybug & Honeybee performance simulation plug-in was used to interface with the Open Studio simulation engine to evaluate the average temperature of sunspace and the heating energy consumption per unit area of the bedroom in winter as indicators.And the 10 parameter variables that may affect the thermal performance of sunspace were studied and analyzed using the exhaustive method,and the step-by-step optimization of sunspace was carried out.Finally,six genetic variables with decision values were selected,and the automatic optimization procedure of genetic algorithm was established and verified using Galapagos single objective optimization operator,and the performance optimization of ventilated sunspace was carried out in Qingdao,Hohhot and Lhasa regions with the objective of minimizing winter heating energy consumption.With the optimization objective of minimizing the annual cooling and heating load,the genetic algorithm optimization was carried out to obtain the design and operation strategy of sunspace system in Qingdao area for old town houses.The optimization results show that the optimized ventilated sunspace has a significant energy saving effect compared with the pre-optimized sunspace.ventilated sunspace has a better energy saving effect than the closed sunspace.Based on the parametric performance optimization platform and genetic algorithm,this study provides a coordinated optimization idea for sunspace designers and builders,and provides a reference for the system design and operation strategy of sunspace in Qingdao area. |
