Exploring The Influence Of The Accessibility Of Urban Rail Transit Station On Ridership

With the acceleration of China’s urbanization process,the problems of traffic congestion and environmental pollution have become increasingly prominent.China has successively issued a series of public transport priority policies to promote the sustainable development of transportation.As a high volume,high speed,punctual,safe and environmentally friendly public transport mode,urban rail transit can not only solve the traffic congestion problem,but also play a role in intensive land use,adjusting social and economic flows,optimizing urban industrial layout and other functions.How to avoid and alleviate the traffic problems caused by the double growth of urban rail transit demand and the obvious lack of carrying capacity of the urban transport system,and meet the growing travel demand and high-quality travel experience of residents,has become one of the urgent problems to be solved.Based on the background of public transport priority and on the basis of literature research and field research,this paper systematically analyzes the connotation of traffic accessibility,models and analyzes the impact of accessibility on rail transit ridership,and further explores the key factors and space-time distribution characteristics of the impact.First,this paper takes Xi’an City as the research area,makes full use of the big data of geographical transportation,integrates the complex network theory and factor analysis and other methods,and constructs the station accessibility evaluation model from the internal and external perspectives of the rail transit system.Secondly,considering the social economy,station characteristics and other factors,combined with the theory of Gradual Gradient Regression Tree(GBRT),the impact assessment model of accessibility on ridership is established.Finally,the Shapley Additive Explanation(SHAP)model and GBRT model are combined to analyze the impact of accessibility on ridership from the perspective of time and space,and corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are proposed according to the relevant results.The research results show that both internal and external accessibility indicators have a significant impact on the ridership of rail transit stations at different times,with industrial,commercial,and tourist sport accessibility being the top three external indicators of relative importance;At any given time,the minimum number of transfers,industrial accessibility,public service accessibility,tourist spot accessibility,and the number of station entrances and exits all show a strong positive impact on ridership.The impact of shortest path,commercial accessibility,vehicle service accessibility,population density,and housing prices on rail transit ridership varies over time,and often presents a “U” shaped,inverted “U”,and other fluctuating trends;There is significant spatial heterogeneity in the nonlinear impact of accessibility on ridership at rail transit stations,but not significant temporal heterogeneity.This study can provide a basis for the evaluation of service quality and optimization of ridership management in rail transit management to a certain extent,and can also provide theoretical reference for the government to optimize the land use around rail transit to achieve the sustainable development of urban rail transit.