A Study On The Inheritance Model Of Traditional Residential Courtyards On Shangwu Ancient Road

The "Shangwu Ancient Road" is located in the southeast of the Great Qinling Mountains,starting from the "Shang" area(Lantian to the east of Chang’an in the Tang Dynasty,passing through Shangzhou,Danfeng,and Shangnan)and ending at "wu"(now Xichuan County,Nanyang City,Henan Province).It is composed of Wuguan Road and Danjiang Water and Land,and was an important transportation route from the Nanxiang Basin to Chang’an in ancient times.The ancient Shangyu Road in the historical period can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period.It was mainly influenced by the Qin and Chu cultures,and was once a military,commercial,and cultural artery due to its unique natural environment and convenient transportation network.Through multiple long-term field investigations on the traditional residential courtyard forms in villages along the Shangwu Ancient Road route,it has been found that with the construction and use of modern transportation,the former role of the Shangwu Ancient Road has gradually faded out of people’s vision.The natural nature of traditional residential courtyards in the ancient road area has melted and separated from the relationship with historical culture.At the same time,with the development of the times,people in the Shangwu Ancient Road area have a deeper level of living demand for traditional residential courtyards.By conducting on-site research,surveying,and literature learning,summarize the expression of the enclosure,proportion,size,spatial type,and style characteristics of the discharge area,On this basis,extract the characteristics and inheritance elements of the traditional courtyard form of Shangwu Ancient Road,including the courtyard plan of one bright and two dark front shops and back houses,a roof form combining single and double slopes,a courtyard profile of the attic on the side of the high hall,a courtyard construction method tailored to local conditions,and a multicultural courtyard style,and establish a prototype of the traditional courtyard form characteristics.Under the theory of morphology,the formation process of courtyard morphological feature prototypes under the influence of natural environment,cultural environment,and social environment,as well as the influence of the development and changes of various influencing factors in the new era on the elements of courtyard morphological features,are studied.The cultural factors of Shangwu Ancient Road have the greatest impact on the form of courtyards,which is influenced by regional cultural feng shui,patriarchal etiquette,and customs on the layout,construction,and style of courtyards;The impact of geographical environment and climate conditions under natural factors on the form characteristics,enclosure methods,and eaves of residential courtyards;The impact of transportation modes,commercial exchanges,building materials,social systems,and other factors related to land and water mergers under social factors on the morphological characteristics of courtyards,as well as the impact of static and dynamic factors in the new era on the inheritance elements of courtyard morphological characteristics.On the basis of meeting the five conditions for living needs in the new era,the morphological characteristics of research institutes are inherited based on the principles of architectural typology,human settlement environment,and demand hierarchy theory.By inheriting the layout form of traditional residential courtyards,optimizing the functional space of courtyards,inheriting the architectural style of courtyards,and improving the construction methods of courtyards,we have obtained the inheritance mode of courtyard form and designed empirical examples.