A Study Of The Materials Of The Grand Canal River Workers In The Ming And Qing Dynasties

Since ancient times,China has been a country founded on agriculture,using water to promote agriculture and to govern the country,attaching great importance to water conservancy projects.The opening of the Grand Canal can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period.The excavation of canals for shipping,irrigation,flood control and drainage was a great practice of Chinese ancestors to actively transform and utilize water resources.This dissertation takes the use of river engineering materials in the Jiangsu section of the Grand Canal during the Ming and Qing dynasties as the object of study for two reasons:first,during the Ming and Qing dynasties,the imperial court made great efforts to build the canal to strengthen the country,which gave rise to a group of excellent water management experts,and the river engineering technology became relatively more mature;second,among the six provinces through which the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal flowed,the Jiangsu section had the longest canal mileage,the largest transportation volume,and the most comprehensive river engineering types,and the use of river engineering materials was also more typical.The use of river engineering materials is also more typical.This paper takes the use of river engineering materials in the Jiangsu section of the Grand Canal during the Ming and Qing dynasties as the research object,and conducts an in-depth study on the use of river engineering materials and its evolution process from the perspective of the history of science and technology,with the Jiangsu section of the Grand Canal as the center.The main research contents are:Translated with www.Deep L.com/Translator(free version)Firstly,the general overview of the river engineering materials of the Jiangsu section of the Grand Canal during the Ming and Qing dynasties is analysed and studied.The canal project was huge and complex,and the river engineering materials varied according to the construction of the project.The analysis is combined with the types of river engineering in the Grand Canal,and a comprehensive overview of the major categories of materials involved in river engineering is presented.At the same time,a brief analysis of the collection and preparation of river engineering materials is given.Next,the use of masonry materials is examined.Masonry materials are the main materials used in river engineering and have played an important role in the excavation and repair of canals over the centuries.The science and technology involved in the mining,handling and building of stone by the ancient peoples is analysed in relation to the textural characteristics of the material.The process of brick firing and the use of brick and stone as a paving technique are also analysed.Again,the use of fuelwood materials is examined.The thesis analyses the use of wood materials in the construction of river works such as wooden dragons,wooden gates,pile foundations,bridges and canal boats,as well as the process of making auxiliary materials such as tip material,panicum straw and reeds.Combined with the characteristics of bamboo materials,analysis of the construction process of bamboo dams,bamboo rafts and other production methods.Finally,the use of sand and miscellaneous materials is studied.Sand and miscellaneous materials are the most common materials in nature,and are also commonly used in river construction.The miscellaneous materials are iron,lime and glutinous rice in addition to the main materials such as masonry,timber and sand.The different cohesiveness of the soil also determines its different riverine use.A detailed analysis of sand and soil embankment construction techniques and the preparation process of triple clay is presented.This thesis examines and analyses the types,evolution and impact of river engineering materials in the Jiangsu section from the perspective of the history of science and technology,outlining the evolution of river engineering and its river engineering materials in the Jiangsu section of the Grand Canal.The comprehensive use of river engineering materials by the ancients reflects the production wisdom of adapting to local conditions and the power of change,and contains advanced engineering and scientific principles.This will all enrich the scientific and cultural connotations of the Jiangsu section of the Grand Canal and provide certain references for the construction of national strategies such as the Grand Canal Cultural Belt and the Grand Canal National Park,which have theoretical and practical significance.