The Research On Spatial Layout Characteristics And Design Strategy Of Rural Settlements In Xihaigu Mountainous Area Under The Influence Of Wind Environment

The ecological background of the Xihaigu area in southern Ningxia is fragile,the wind environment problems are prominent,and the development of the human settlement environment is difficult.How to strengthen its ability to respond to external brittle risks through the study of building layout and wind environment,and how to obtain suitable rural planning and design strategies in the region,and improve the quality of the local living environment,has become one of the urgent and important issues in the science of human settlements.one.Combined with the overall wind environment in Xihaigu area,the study area is locked in Haiyuan County;by exploring the correlation between wind environment,landform type,and residential building layout,it is concluded that topography is the main factor affecting the wind environment of regional geographic units;Based on the topography,the villages are divided into types,and the samples for key research and research are selected.The scale,shape and characteristics of rural settlements’ spatial layout were identified,extracted and summarized from the macro,meso,and micro levels,respectively,and the correlation between their spatial layout and wind environment was discussed.Using qualitative analysis and quantitative research methods,combined with the current situation analysis and numerical simulation results,the design principles of rural settlement space layout in Haiyuan County in Xihaigu area are put forward,and the design strategy is discussed,and the planning and design scheme suitable for this area is proposed,in order to this area.Provide a reference for the improvement of the quality of the regional living environment.The specific research contents are as follows:Firstly,by analyzing the geographical features,the spatial distribution features of residential sites,the spatial distribution features of streets and lanes,and the distribution features of the wind environment,the landform type is selected as the basis for the division of rural settlement areas,and the rural settlements in Haiyuan County are divided into river valleys and rivers.There are three types of villages: polu platform villages and Zhimaogou villages.By interpreting the spatial characteristics of rural settlements and summarizing the layout patterns,it can be divided into two types of spatial layout: centralized and decentralized according to the degree of dispersion;according to the minimum circumscribed rectangle aspect ratio,it can be further divided into mass,directional,and strip.Three types of space layout;the space layout of streets and lanes is divided into three layout modes: one-line,fishbone,and grid;the building courtyard space is divided into "one-line","L-shaped","two-line" and "C-shaped".Font" four layout forms.Secondly,combined with field visits and investigations,the spatial layout characteristics of the three types of villages are identified and extracted from three different levels: “macro-village spatial layout,meso-street and lane spatial layout,and micro-courtyard spatial organization”.Through the numerical simulation analysis of the wind environment in winter and spring for the spatial layout of three typical villages,the correlation mechanism between the spatial layout of rural settlements and the wind environment is found and summarized,which can be divided into the following four points: The space layout is adapted to and transforms the regional wind environment;the air duct interface formed by the streets effectively blocks and diverts the wind,ensuring the stability of the internal wind environment of the settlement;the courtyardlike form improves the comfort of the internal wind environment of the courtyard degree;the introduction of green plants improves the local wind environment.Thirdly,starting from the existing problems of the layout of the village space,with the help of the Phoenics numerical simulation software,the model construction and simulation analysis of the village space,the street space and the courtyard space are carried out.The village space design principles of suitability,integrity and sustainability are put forward;and the village space design strategy is proposed,which is divided into the following three points: using natural resources and resisting adverse factors to design the space layout;coordinating practicality and applicability,windproof,design the space layout of streets and alleys;build suitable courtyard space scale.Finally,taking river valley and sichuan land-type villages as an example,the optimization design strategy of rural settlement space layout is introduced,and the optimization design strategy of village space is discussed.A specific optimization design scheme is proposed for the spatial layout of the village,the spatial layout of streets and alleys,and the organization of the courtyard space,and the rationality of the scheme is verified through simulation analysis.