Research On The Optimal Scheduling Of Integrated Energy System Based On Carbon Tax

As the contradiction between energy consumption and environmental protection becomes more and more prominent,carbon neutral and energy transition gradually becomes a global consensus,and the Integrated Energy System（IES）,which provides multiple energy sources by combining cooling,heating and power（CCHP）as the core and new energy sources and energy storage devices,is rapidly developing.Integrated Energy System（IES）is developing rapidly.Carbon taxes are gaining attention from economists and international organizations as a cost effective tool to achieve set emission reduction targets.An increasing number of countries have started to reduce emissions by means of carbon taxes.To this end,this paper conducts the following research on IES systems based on carbon taxes:First,the conceptual and structural framework of IES is introduced,and mathematical models of IES-related devices are constructed,including the CCHP model,wind power generation model,photovoltaic power generation model,electrolytic water to hydrogen model,fuel cell power generation model,and related energy storage model.It introduces the main components of IES and the functions and principles of each device.Secondly,in response to the energy transformation development requirement of energy conservation and emission reduction,a carbon tax is introduced to convert the environmental problem of CO₂ emission into an economic cost problem,and an optimal dispatching model with the lowest operating cost as the objective function is established.The improved Cat Swarm Optimization（CSO）algorithm is used to optimize the scheduling of an integrated energy system with a carbon tax of RMB 50/t for a typical day in winter and summer,and to compare and analyze it with the traditional CCHP system and the IES without the introduction of carbon tax.Compared with the traditional CCHP system,the CO₂ emission of the integrated energy system is 48.93%of that of the CCHP system in summer and 50.86%in winter;the energy saving rate can reach 36.33%in summer and 23.65%in winter;compared with the IES without the introduction of carbon tax,the introduction of carbon tax can effectively reduce the CO₂ emission,and a total of 40.28%of CO₂ emission is reduced on a typical day in winter and summer.emissions on a typical day in winter and summer.The results show that it is more reasonable to adopt a moderate carbon tax level at this stage.Finally,based on the medium carbon tax level,a comprehensive energy system with"negative carbon emission"is proposed by considering the development prospect of hydrogen energy and using the characteristics of electrolytic water.An optimal scheduling model with multiple objectives minimizing economic operating costs,CO₂emissions and energy losses is constructed.Non-dominant sorting genetic algorithm（NSGA-III）is used to solve the model,and the optimal scheduling solution is determined by Combined Compromise Solution（Co Co So）.Meanwhile,the system can spontaneously choose the most suitable scheduling policy according to the proposed scheduling model.A comparative analysis of five system solutions for a typical day shows that the proposed system has greater advantages.The heat generated by electrolytic water hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation can provide heat for the demand side,the"negative carbon emission"characteristic of electrolytic water hydrogen production achieves carbon dioxide absorption,and the hydrogen storage system increases the flexibility of the IES system.Meanwhile,the proposed system can effectively save 7.23%of operating cost,reduce 33.04%of CO₂emission and 9.94%of energy consumption compared with the conventional CCHP system.