Low-carbon Economic Dispatch Of Integrated Energy System In A Campus Based On Stackelberg Game And Hybrid Carbon Policy

For the past few years,with the growing energy demand and environmental concerns,the traditional energy structure is in urgent need of conversion and improvement,energy conservation and emission reduction has become a new research point,injecting new momentum to promote the transformation of the energy constituent,and is one of the essential ways to address energy and environmental issues.Carbon trading markets and carbon tax policies are both important research directions for reducing carbon dioxide output.The park’s integrated energy system brings in the hybrid carbon policy not only integrates different energy types such as electricity,renewable energy,thermal energy,cooling energy and natural gas,but also realises the coordination and optimisation of heterogeneous sub-energy sources,complementing each other and limiting carbon emissions with the support of the hybrid carbon policy,thus realising energy transformation and energy saving and emission reduction,further contributing to the accomplish China’s "peak carbon and carbon neutral" goal.The principal effort of this article is as shown below:Firstly,this paper presents the typical architecture and components of an integrated energy system,traces specifically the operation principles of various energy coupling devices such as photovoltaic and wind turbine renewable energy units and gas turbines,gas boilers,electric boilers,absorption chillers and electric chillers in the park,and establishes a sensible and valid mathematical model for each device,which provides solid academic foundation for the subsequent optimal dispatch of the integrated energy system.Secondly,based on game theory,an operator-user master-slave Stackelberg game two-layer optimisation model is established in order to simultaneously consider the interests of both operators and users.The upper layer is the leader,whose objective is to maximise the benefits of the operator,and the lower layer is the follower,whose objective is to minimise the expenses of energy use by the user.The existence and singularity of the Stackelberg equilibrium solution of the model suggested in this paper is also proved based on existing theory.Due to the complexity and non-linear nature of the two-layer model,it is difficult to solve it directly,so mathematical methods such as KKT conditions,pairwise theory and Big-M method are applied to transform it into an easily solvable single-layer mixed integer linear programming question,and it is addressed completely in Matlab using the commercial solvers Yalmip and Cplex.Finally,a two-level best scheduling problem in the light of a master-slave Stackelberg game and a hybrid carbon policy is constructed in order to completely utilize the energy saving and emission reduction capacity of the integrated energy system and introduce a stepped carbon trading-carbon tax hybrid carbon policy cost to strictly constrain carbon emissions.In order to justify the reasonableness and validity of the optimal scheduling model in this paper,four different calculation scenarios are designed for comparative analysis.