Research On The Construction Process And Mechanism Of Guilin Landscape Gardens

Guilin landscape gardens are built on karst landform,and they are the classic masterpiece reflecting the harmonious integration of mountains,water,city and garden.The current research was limited to the discussion of typical types and typical cases,and the cognition of the integrity and regularity of landscape gardens was still insufficient.By combing and analyzing the local ancient literature,The 221 garden samples and their attribute information from Tang to Qing Dynasty were extracted,and the spatial and temporal information database of Guilin landscape gardens were constructed.With the help of site survey methods and some techniques including historical map rendering and geographic information system,the construction process and mechanism of Guilin landscape buildings from the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty were explored overall based on the large sample database.Firstly,the construction process of Guilin landscape gardens was combed.Based on the background of the formation and development of Guilin landscape gardens,considering the development characteristics of Guilin landscape gardens,the construction process was divided into three stages : growth stage(Tang Dynasty),peak stage(Song and Yuan Dynasties)and maturity stage(Ming and Qing Dynasties).The construction characteristics of gardens in different stages were explained from three aspects: development trend,distribution situation and construction goal.The Tang Dynasty was the growth period,and the landscape garden construction activities initially emerged,forming two types of public gardens and temple gardens.The distribution center of gravity tended to be suburban areas,and the construction goal was dominated by landscape sightseeing.The Song and Yuan Dynasties were the heyday,and the construction activities of landscape gardens were more prosperous.On the basis of public gardens and temple gardens,the type of government office gardens was added,and its distribution center was further expanded to the suburbs.The overall goal of construction tends to scenic tours and propaganda and education;the Ming and Qing Dynasties were the mature period,and the construction activities of landscape gardens tended to be stable.Two new types of gardens,palace gardens and private gardens,formed a perfect garden type system.The distribution center of gravity gradually migrated to the city,and the construction goals of propaganda and education and scenic tours became more prominent.Secondly,the construction mechanism of Guilin landscape gardens was found.Based on the internal construction logic of " site selection-spatial layout-artistic conception expression," the construction mechanism of Guilin landscape garden was summarized around the natural and cultural characteristics of Guilin area,including the site selection based on superior landscape resources,the spatial layout of anchoring urban landscape order,and the artistic conception expression of blending the thought of going out of the world and entering the world.The main body of the construction focuses on the superior landscape resources in the city,especially the location of the landscape along the Lijiang River and its tributaries.It not only found the ideal base for the garden,but also marked the key areas in the city through the garden.At the same time,with the help of judging the reasonable location of the garden between the landscape and the landscape,focusing on the anchoring relationship between the garden and the urban spatial axis and the urban water system network,the spatial layout of the garden was coordinated,so as to echo the urban landscape order and construct the overall form of ’mountain-water-city-garden ’.Furthermore,the unique thoughts of the scholars were projected on the garden,and the ideological connotation was transmitted to the city and the landscape through the garden,which promoted the interaction of ’ mountain-water-city-garden ’ at the cultural level.Finally,the construction wisdom of Guilin landscape gardens was refined.Through the construction mechanism,the construction wisdom and experience of Guilin landscape garden were further analyzed.The construction subject took the garden as the ’ anchor point ’,marks and strengthens the key area and spatial order of the urban landscape pattern,and promotes and constructs the humanistic connotation and communion relationship of ’ mountain-water-citygarden ’.The positive significance of Guilin landscape gardens in the construction of traditional landscape cities were clarified.As an ’ anchor point ’,it established a close relationship between’ landscape ’ and ’ city ’ at the dual levels of spatial form and spiritual culture,and promotes ’landscape city ’ to form an inseparable whole.The research was an important theoretical supplement to the history of Guilin gardens and the history of Lingnan gardens.It could also provide practical guidance for Guilin to achieve the important goal of ’ protecting Guilin landscape and highlighting the characteristics of landscape city ’ under the macro strategic background of building a world-class tourist city.