Research On Electric Motorcycle Safety Design Based On Accident Causation Theory

Electric motorcycles have many advantages such as convenience and affordability,and have been widely demanded in China,especially in the rapidly developing delivery industry,which has brought about a new market for electric motorcycles.However,due to the lack of effective industry standards and regulatory policies in the rapid development process of electric motorcycles,traffic accidents caused by electric motorcycles are increasing.According to statistics from the China Bicycle Association,annual sales of electric bicycles in China exceed30 million units,and the total number of electric bicycles in society is close to 300 million units.According to the 2019 national road traffic accident statistics,driving electric bicycles caused8,639 deaths and 44,677 injuries,accounting for nearly 70% of non-motorized casualties.Therefore,it is urgent for the electric motorcycle industry to establish standardized safety technology standards.Thus,improving the safety of electric motorcycles and ensuring public safety during travel has become an urgent issue.This thesis focuses on various safety issues and explores safety design strategies for electric motorcycles based on loss causation theory,providing a reference for future electric motorcycle safety design.First,through literature review,this thesis summarizes the research of loss causation theory,including the definition,model classification,and causal factors,and combines the trend and innovation points of research on driving safety.Second,based on the characteristics of the electric motorcycle users,this thesis conducts research and analysis of electric motorcycle products and driving behavior.Through desktop research,user interviews,questionnaire surveys,and other methods,the safety functional characteristics of electric motorcycles and the causal factors of electric motorcycle driving accidents are summarized and analyzed for their correlation and mechanism,providing a basis for the construction of the electric motorcycle safety design model.Third,based on the CREAM model,this thesis extracts the primary design elements for safety design and summarizes the secondary design elements based on research and analysis results,constructing an electric motorcycle safety design model including four categories of elements: personal,environmental,product,and social.The model is validated through hierarchical analysis and human-machine experiments.Based on the design model,13 design strategies in 5 areas are derived for electric motorcycle safety design.Finally,the effectiveness of the design strategies is verified through the design practice and evaluation process.The function definition,product style and design practice are finished based on design strategies,and the design is evaluated through comparative experiments.The evaluation results show that the design strategies can effectively improve the driving safety performance of electric motorcycle products.In conclusion,this thesis proposes safety design strategies based on loss causation theory for electric motorcycles through the study of electric motorcycle safety issues,providing theoretical and practical support for electric motorcycle safety design,and making a certain contribution for the electric motorcycle market and driving safety.