Research On The Design Characteristics Of Community Sports Parks In The Central City Of Chongqing

As society continues to develop,people are increasingly prioritizing a healthy lifestyle.However,the current green space available in cities is insufficient to meet the rising demand for fitness.To address this issue,Chongqing has been constructing community sports parks on urban marginal land since 2018.This approach not only repurposes unused and abandoned land,but also enhances the city’s aesthetic appeal while providing convenient exercise opportunities for urban residents.Due to its mountainous terrain,building community sports parks in Chongqing can be particularly challenging,especially when working with limited urban space.This paper examines the planning and design features of community sports parks in Chongqing’s central city.The aim is to enhance the understanding of park design in mountainous areas and expand the study of regional gardens.Furthermore,this study provides a theoretical foundation,as well as a reference and guide,for constructing community sports parks on marginal land in similar cities.Using the methods of literature review,field research,statistical analysis and induction,this paper investigates 81 community sports parks built and put into use in the central urban area of Chongqing from 2018 to 2020 and after 2020,and conducts a status quo study on the overview,site conditions,analysis of site composition,functional division and plan design forms of community sports parks in the central urban area of Chongqing,and on the basis of the status quo study On the basis of this research,the spatial layout characteristics of community sports parks in the central city of Chongqing are analyzed,and finally the planning and design characteristics of the parks are summarized.The results of this research are as follows:(1)Overview of community sports parks in central urban areas of Chongqing: they are located in urban corners,close to traffic and buildings,and easily accessible to nearby residents;at the same time,the park area spans a large scale,1000-63,996.3m2,and 58% of the parks are less than 11,000m2;76% of the parks have irregular and long and narrow plan forms;the main types of park topography are flat,convex,sloping,and concave,and most of the parks(Most of the parks(45.68%)are composed of three or more terrains,and only 12.35% are single terrain parks.(2)Research on the current situation of the components of community sports parks in the central city of Chongqing:(1)Plant-wise,the main trees in parks include osmanthus(72.84%),purple-leaved plum(58.02%),etc.68% of the parks have a higher proportion of deciduous tree species than evergreen trees;at the same time,the plant configuration mode is related to the park sports fields.(2)Architecturally,the buildings are dominated by public toilets and management rooms(71.60%)service buildings;among the service buildings,most of the parks(48.28%)have the traditional sloping roof style.In terms of roads,most of the parks(41.98%)have a flat entrance,and only 2.47% of the parks combine flat,slope and stairs;79.01% of the parks have two levels of roads,and 20.99% of the parks have one level of roads;the layout of the park road network is a mixture of "ring + serpentine"(18.52%).At the same time,the road pavement highlights the sense of color and line.Most of the parks(96.30%)have fitness equipment,and only 1.23% of the parks have 7-a-side soccer fields.(3)The relationship between the proportion of various types of land in community sports parks and the scale of parks in central Chongqing: the minimum park green space rate is 16%,the maximum is 91.20%,and the park green space rate shows an increasing trend as the scale of parks gradually increases;while the proportion of buildings is concentrated at about 1%;the proportion of park roads and leisure sports grounds decreases and then increases as the scale of parks increases,and the proportion of ball sports grounds The proportion of children’s playgrounds grows slowly with the scale of the park,and the trend of change is not obvious.(4)Function and spatial organization of community sports parks in the central city of Chongqing: the functions of parks are mainly divided into management service area,entrance square area,ball sports area,leisure and fitness area,children’s activity area and ecological landscape area,but the functional zoning often varies depending on the park land conditions;the combination of spatial elements has the largest number of parks with linear layout(35.80%)and the smallest number of parks with central layout(6.17%).In the form of spatial layout,the number of parks with natural layout(53.09%)accounts for the largest share,while the number of parks with mixed layout(9.88%)accounts for the smallest share.(5)Characteristics of sports space organization of different types of community sports parks in the central city of Chongqing: the sports space organization of natural-type mountaintype community sports parks is dominated by a combination of free-form and edge-type,regular-type by linear-type,edge-type and side-by-side,etc.,and mixed-type by edge-type;the sports space organization of natural-type slope-type parks is dominated by linear-type,side-byside,free-form and edge-type layouts,etc.,regular-type by The organization of sports space in natural sloping parks is mainly based on linear,parallel,free-form and edge layout,while the regular type is based on linear layout and the mixed type is based on free-form;the organization of sports space in natural flat parks is based on free-form layout and the regular type is based on linear.(6)Summary of the design characteristics of community sports parks in the central city of Chongqing: the site selection is random and the scale of the land spans a wide range.In terms of planning and design,the park green space ratio is generally low;the building ratio is generally kept at about 1%;the road ratio is consistent with that of community parks;the sports field ratio is generally leisure sports field > ball sports field > children’s play field;the functions can be divided into ball sports area,leisure and fitness area,children’s play area,management service area and green landscape area,but there are differences in the layout of different parks in terms of functional types;The combination of functional space is mainly linear and freeform.In the design of park components,the terrain is mainly terrace type,deciduous tree species are generally high,roads are generally ungraded,sports themes are highlighted,sports activity types are consistent with sports parks,architectural vignette design is consistent with community parks,and regional characteristics are highlighted.In the design style,the practical purpose is highlighted,the sports layout is mainly linear and free-form,and the paving is characterized by bright colors and simple lines.At the same time cultural expression,highlighting the regional cultural characteristics.