Research On Multi-objective Optimization Design Of Building Skin Under Light And Heat Environment In Changchun Area

With the aggravation of energy shortage in the world and the release of the national "double carbon" policy,people are more and more concerned about the energy consumption of buildings.With the rapid development of infrastructure in China in recent decades,the energy consumption of the whole building process has also risen,and various buildings with insufficient consideration for the design of light and heat environment have brought a lot of wasted resources.In order to cope with the gradually increasing architectural design requirements and to meet people’s needs for indoor environmental comfort,the optimization of building performance design is urgent.In this paper,we conduct a simulated study on the performance of the building skin in Changchun area,optimize the parameters of the building skin through multi-objective optimization,and summarize the optimized design strategy for the area,which is finally verified in the teaching buildings in Changchun area.The main research contents of this paper are(1)to sort out the relevant concepts of light and heat environment and the corresponding evaluation indexes,and come up with dynamic lighting indexes and thermal comfort indexes that are more applicable to this paper.The four optimization platforms commonly used in the industry are introduced and compared,and finally the emerging multi-objective optimization platform based on genetic algorithm,Wallacei,is selected for the multi-objective optimization design of this paper.(2)Through field visits and research,the skin design of twenty-four buildings in Changchun was compiled,and the impact on the indoor light and heat environment of the buildings was analyzed when the building skin design was not sufficiently considered.(3)Analyzed and compiled the climate characteristics of Changchun area,and compiled the year-round climate,year-round sky coverage,and year-round light conditions in Changchun area.(4)The standard building model was established after the research,and the performance of the standard model was analyzed in terms of the climate conditions in Changchun.Subsequently,by simulating the building performance of the building skin without external shading and with external shading,the Ladybug Tools tool was used to sort out the influence of each skin parameter on the building performance and summarize the parameters required for multi-objective optimization in the following section.(5)Using Wallacei multiobjective optimization plug-in,the multi-objective optimization design was carried out for two cases: building skin without external shading elements and building skin with external shading elements,and the optimization data were sorted out to summarize the building skin optimization design strategy applicable to Changchun area.The design process and strategy of building skin optimization can improve the performance of indoor light and heat environment of the building.The study discusses the multi-objective optimization design theory of building skin in indoor photothermal environment,and analyzes the evaluation indexes of photothermal environment,the degree of influence of building skin parameters on building performance and the multi-objective optimization design process.It provides a new idea for the initial performance optimization and multi-objective optimization design of building design.