Research On The Development Of Car Crash Dummies And Their Injury Response In China

With the increase of automobile ownership,automobile traffic accidents happen frequently,and automobile traffic safety is paid more and more attention.In order to realize the effective protection of passengers and drivers in traffic accidents and reduce human injury,crash test is needed for cars to detect and study the safety condition of cars and the injury to human body in the collision process.Crash dummies,which are simulated human bodies with high precision sensing technology,are needed in vehicle crash testing.At present,there are no successfully mass-produced dummies based on Chinese human body characteristics in our country.Hybrid Ⅲ dummies are mostly used in crash test experiments.Hybrid Ⅲ The dummy is researched and made based on characteristic parameters of human body in Western countries.It has obvious difference with characteristic parameters of human body of our country in aspects of human size and weight.The difference of the characteristic parameters of test dummies leads to the difference between the injury position and injury degree of Chinese personnel and the test data in the actual process of vehicle collision,that is,the successfully tested vehicle safety device can not effectively protect the safety of Chinese drivers and riders in traffic accidents.At the same time,there is a blockade on dummy technology abroad,so it is necessary to develop Chinese physical sign collision dummy independently.Firstly,the paper makes a comparative study of the differences in size and quality of human body features between European and American countries and China,determines the proportional coefficients of various parts of Chinese human body features collision dummies,and uses 3D modeling software to conduct digital modeling of Chinese physical sign collision dummies according to different body segments.The parameters of Chinese physical impact dummy skin material were obtained by the preparation of dummy skin material and its mechanical properties test.The three dimensional structure model and skin material parameters of Chinese physical sign collision dummies were constructed to provide data support for the finite element modeling of Chinese physical sign collision dummies.According to the requirements of "Calibration Specification for Humanoid Test Device for Vehicle Frontal Crash Test",the collision dummy was simulated and calibrated,providing an important reference for the subsequent dummy collision simulation and the development of physical dummy.In this paper,the mechanism and criteria of human injury in vehicle collision are studied.A vehicle collision simulation model is built by using the developed and designed Chinese physical sign collision dummies.In accordance with the requirements of the specifications and standards,the simulation model is used to conduct dummy collision simulation,and the simulation results of Hybrid Ⅲ dummy system are compared.The damage conditions of Chinese physical sign collision dummies and Hybrid Ⅲ crash dummies under the same collision condition were studied.The simulation results show that the two dummies have different motion responses and injuries during the collision due to different physical parameters such as size and mass.Compared with Hybrid Ⅲ crash dummies,the Chinese sign crash dummies are in the front position of the vehicle due to their smaller size.During the collision,they are protected by the airbag first and then separated from the airbag.During the collision,the Chinese Sign crash dummies have a smaller motion range.In the dummies’ impact damage response curve,the change trend of the damage indexes of each part of the two dummies is similar,but the change time of impact damage and the peak value of the curve are different.The injury degree of the head,neck,chest and calf of the Chinese physical signs dummy was lower than that of Hybrid Ⅲ dummy,while the injury degree of the thigh was higher than Hybrid Ⅲ dummy.The above studies show that due to the difference of human physical sign parameters between Chinese and Hybrid Ⅲ dummies,there are differences in motion response and collision damage conditions during vehicle collision.The results show that it is imperative to research and develop Chinese physical sign crash dummies in order to realize passive safety protection.