Shared Parking Space Allocation And Pricing Based On Double Auction Mechanism

In order to solve the problem of optimal allocation of existing parking space resources,the double auction mechanism of shared parking space is proposed as a parking demand management measure.The existing double auction mechanism for shared parking spaces mostly focused on the single bidding demand of parking users(P-users)and the time attribute of parking spaces and the price willingness of users were considered.In recent years,the number of activities of car travelers in a trip has gradually increased,and the complex trip chain accounts for about 10%-50% of the total trip chain.The complex trip chain of P-user activities can produce multiple bid parking demand.Demand response degree(all,partially satisfied,not satisfied)and Puser of parking time and the space attribute(parking space walking distance to the destination)requirements influence the bidding decision of the P-user behavior(accept/don’t accept),and then affect their travel plans.Therefore,it is necessary to design shared parking space double auction mechanism based on simple travel chain and complex trip chain respectively considering the design spatial and temporal property of parking spot,develop shared parking space double auction process,build shared parking space allocation and pricing model based on the spatial and temporal property todiscusses the effection of different types of P-user simple trip chain,complex chain proportion onthe utility of the system.The research can improve the implementation of double auction mechanism in the field of shared parking,which is conducive to revitalize the resources of urban parking facilities and alleviate parking problems.First,the relevant theories of auction were summarized andthe definition and mode of double auction were introduced,the applicability of the existing double auction mechanism were analyzed to the study of shared parking space allocation and pricing.Considering the price willingness of parking space providers(O-users)and P-users,parking location requirements,parking duration and other factors,a doule auction mechanism for shared parking spaces is designed based on the bidding demand of simple trip chain.A shared parking space allocation model was established based on parking space spatial and temporal property aiming at the optimal social welfare of participants(O-user and P-user)and platform.The transaction payment prices of Ouser and P-user were calculated based on the Vickery-Clarke-Groves(VCG)model.The supplier bidding price non-increment-demander bidding price non-descending(NIND)algorithm was designed and the simulation experiment was carried out.Three evaluation indexes such as platform revenue,transaction success rate and number of successful transaction units were selected the system utility of shared parking space allocation were compared and analyzed between auction and non-auction mechanism.Experimental results show that compared with non-auction mechanism,the revenue of platform based on doule auction mechanism can be increased about 34%.The success rate and number of successful trading units can be increased about 40% and 47%respectively.Considering the relationship between multiple parking bidding demands of P-users in a complex trip chain,the response degree of the system to their demands,and Pusers’ requirements on the spatial and temporal property of parking spaces(walking distance from parking spaces to destinations)on P-users’ bidding decision behaviors(accept/reject),a doule auction mechanism for shared parking spaces based on bidding demand of complex trip chain was designed.To maximize the social welfare of participants(O-user and P-user)and platforms,a shared parking space allocation model based on complex travel chain was constructed.Based on the VCG model,the transaction payment prices of O-user and P-user were calculated.NI-ND algorithm was designed and simulation experiments were carried out to discuss the influence of parking lots scale N(large,medium and small),demand scale M,and types of complex travel chain proportion R on the system utility.The results show that for small parking lots(N=50),when the utilization rate of parking time reaches 70%,that is,the average utilization rate of public parking lots,when R is 0 and R is 100%,the corresponding supply-demand ratio(M/N)is 3.26 and 2.00,respectively;For medium-sized parking lots(N=200),when the utilization rate of parking time reaches 70%,R is 0 and R is100%,the corresponding supply-demand ratio(M/N)is 0.98 and 0.96,respectively.With the increase of supply scale,the ratio of supply and demand corresponding to ρreaching 70% and maximum value decreases gradually.The research results can provide data support for promoting the implementation of double auction mechanism of shared parking space.