A Study Of Huizhou Traditional Building Column Foundation

As one of the important components of traditional Chinese wooden architecture,the pillar foundation is not only the main force component of the building structure,but also a very characteristic decorative node.There are records about the standard shape and local folk practice of the foundation in the ancient classics such as "Constructing the French Style","Constructing the Original Method" and "Qing Style Building Rules".For thousands of years from the Neolithic period to the late Qing Dynasty,the foundation art has gradually become a folk art relic with sculpture as its main body,integrating ritual culture and aesthetic interest.Its construction and development process carries a strong regional cultural history and the era style of traditional architecture.At the same time,the construction of the pillar foundation is adapted to the regional climate and environmental characteristics,so that the pillar foundation in different regions is different and unique.However,the research of Chinese scholars on the base is mainly concentrated in the northern official architecture and the Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas,while it is relatively shallow in Huizhou area.Huizhou region is located in the hilly area of southern Anhui Province,with sufficient rainfall,high forest coverage rate and abundant stone resources.Under this specific environment,Huizhou traditional architecture with wooden frame as the main structure was formed.Huizhou traditional architecture is the typical carrier of Huizhou culture,both the overall form and the use of components have distinct characteristics.As one of the important architectural components,the foundation is of great research and inheritance value.However,with the change of history and the innovation of construction technology,modern architecture no longer needs the support of the foundation,and many pillars with cultural value have been scattered and destroyed due to insufficient attention.As a result,the study of the foundation in Huizhou is not in-depth and specific,thus affecting the exploration of the social,historical and cultural value it carries by later generations.On the basis of a large number of field survey and mapping,literature induction and communication and interview with folk craftsmen,this paper first classifies and summarizes the typical types and morphological characteristics of traditional Huizhou architectural plinths,and then explores the distribution characteristics of plinths from the perspectives of time and space through macro-comparative research.In terms of time,it summarizes the distribution characteristics of Huizhou pillars in Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty.Spatial correlation research is carried out on the column foundation and its building type and spatial location,so as to explore the relationship between the distribution of column foundation and architectural space,as well as the connotation of ritual culture carried by column foundation.Secondly,from a micro perspective,the paper analyzes and summarizes the structure,scale,material application,and design and expression of carved art of Huizhou traditional architectural plinths,in order to reveal the unique regional characteristics and traditional aesthetic thoughts of Huizhou traditional architectural plinths.Finally,the paper fully excavates the unique construction value of Huizhou traditional architectural foundation,in order to provide a certain reference for the protection,repair and modern application of Huizhou traditional architectural foundation.It is expected to promote the study of Huizhou pillar foundation to a more comprehensive and detailed level,and also provide a certain complement to the construction of regional traditional architectural theory research system.Illustration[54] Attached table [17] Reference [47]...