| As urbanization continues to advance,more and more buildings are being built in cities,and residents are paying more and more attention to the quality of buildings,not only for sheltering from the wind and rain and being sturdy and practical,but also for the indoor physical environment and the comfort,health and energy saving of the buildings.Commercial buildings are an important indicator of the prosperity of a city,and a large commercial building is rising up in the center of the city,attracting a large number of citizens to spend money and providing a place for leisure and entertainment for the public.Atriums have long been used in architecture and play an important role in various types of buildings for communication,sharing and relaxation.In commercial buildings,the atrium space plays a very important role in providing natural lighting for commercial buildings,which not only reduces lighting energy consumption,but also enriches the natural light environment of the atrium,providing customers with a comfortable,healthy and bright indoor leisure and sharing space.Therefore,it is important for designers to determine and grasp the design parameters of commercial atriums for the space,environment and natural lighting of the atrium.At present,many studies only focus on the design of commercial atrium space or a single atrium lighting study,but there is a lack of research related to the overall design parameters of commercial atrium on the comfort of indoor lighting.In this thesis,we use the parametric design software Grasshopper to model commercial atriums in Jinan,quantify various design parameters of commercial atriums and conduct annual lighting and indoor glare simulations,and conduct a multi-objective optimization study of natural lighting in core commercial atriums in Jinan,so as to propose an optimization plan.The study is aimed at optimizing the natural lighting of the core commercial atriums in Jinan and proposing optimized solutions.Firstly,we study and analyze the theories related to commercial atriums,natural lighting,and parametric design to understand the current research progress of natural lighting in commercial atriums at home and abroad,and to explore the ideas,shortcomings,and the need to further deepen the relevant research.We conducted field research on commercial atriums in Jinan,selected two commercial atriums for natural light measurement,and conducted a questionnaire survey on the satisfaction of indoor lighting in commercial atriums,so as to propose the current natural light problems of core commercial atriums from the subjective and objective perspectives.Secondly,the typical design parameters of atriums are selected and a system of design parameters for core commercial atriums in Jinan is constructed,which are divided into body shape design parameters,skylight design parameters and sun-shading design parameters.Quantitative analysis is used to analyze the effects of various design parameters on commercial atrium lighting and glare,and to determine the range of values for commercial atrium design parameters based on lighting-related codes and literature.The lighting evaluation criteria were screened,and the dynamic lighting evaluation index s DA and indoor glare evaluation index DGP were determined to be used as natural lighting quality indicators for the subsequent quantitative analysis.Then,the parametric simulation software Ladybug+Honeybee was used to simulate the annual dynamic lighting and indoor glare for each design parameter in the system,followed by the correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis of each atrium design parameter using SPSS to determine the degree of influence of each design parameter on the natural lighting quality of the atrium.The results showed that six of the thirteen atrium design parameters were significantly correlated with atrium lighting,and regression analysis was performed to summarize the degree of influence of atrium design parameters on atrium lighting and glare.The results show that the most significant design parameters affecting the quality of natural light are skylight design parameters and shading design parameters,and consequently,Skylight and Shading(SAS)design parameters for commercial atriums are proposed.Finally,according to the simulation results of lighting and glare,the design parameters that have the most significant impact on the natural lighting quality of the atrium are the skylight and shading design parameters.Therefore,this thesis proposes the skylight and shading(SAS)design parameters as the independent variables for the optimization study of natural lighting in a commercial atrium,and conducts an actual research and optimization study of an old commercial atrium in a furniture commercial city in Jinan,Shandong Province.Three SAS design parameters with different shading types were set for the optimization object,and annual lighting and indoor glare simulations and sensitivity analysis were performed.The Pareto front solution set for optimizing the lighting and visual comfort of the commercial atrium under the three shading types was obtained using the multi-objective optimization tool Octopus.The results show that the optimal SAS values screened for no shading,fabric shading and louver shading are 0.4-0.5 for skylight opening ratio and double silver Low-E insulating glass for skylight glazing material type;0.5-0.6 for skylight opening ratio and double silver Low-E insulating glass for skylight glazing material type,0.5-0.7 for fabric shading transmittance and0.5-0.6 for fabric shading coverage.0.5-0.6;skylight opening ratio is 0.6-0.7,skylight glass material type is double silver Low-E insulating glass,louver width is 100mm/125 mm,and louver inclination angle is 60-70 °.According to the Pareto front solution set,the best combination of parameters is proposed for the optimal design of natural lighting of commercial atrium under three shading types,and it is hoped that this study can provide some reference and reference for the optimal design of natural lighting of core commercial atrium in Jinan in the future. |
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