Research On The Carpentry Work Of ZhiHua Temple In Ming Beijing

Zhihua Temple is the ancestral temple of Wang Zhen,the eunuch who supervised ceremonies during the Yingzong period of the Ming Dynasty.Six hundred years of history.There are four existing courtyards in the middle road of Zhihua Temple.There is one Double-eave Hipped Roof building,seven saddle roof buildings and eight gabbled roof buildings.The overall temple layout of Zhihua Temple is rigorous and grand in scale.Up to now,its buildings still retain the original works from the initial period.It is a relatively complete Ming Dynasty wooden structure building group in Beijing,which has very important research value.Therefore,this article selects the buildings of the Ming Dynasty in Zhihua Temple as the research object,and conducts related research on carpentry work.The article is divided into four parts:The first part briefly describes the historical background of the construction of Zhihua Temple,analyzes the evolution process of its courtyard and buildings according to historical materials,and sorts out the basic situation of each building in the temple;The second part focuses on the carpentry work of the Ming Dynasty buildings in Zhihua Temple,and compares them with the Song Dynasty’s "Treatise on Architectural Methods" and the Qing Dynasty’s "Engineering Manual for the Board of Works by the Ministry of Public Works".And the composition of the facade is analyzed to explore the characteristics of the times in the wooden frame of the building;The third part: Discuss building components,roof structure and bucket set types.First,compare and analyze the main components of the building,such as columns,beams,squares,purlins,etc.,with those of the Song Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty.Second,sort out the structural characteristics of the roof of the Zhihua Temple.Finally,sort out the five types of brackets on the outer eaves of the Zhihua Temple.Emphatically analyze the bucket set of Wanfo Pavilion and summarize its characteristics of the times;The fourth part: Infer the age of the joinery works in the temple,and sort out and analyze and compare the buildings in the same period.The Zhihua Temple was built in the middle of the Ming Dynasty,which is a mature stage of the development of Ming Dynasty architecture.On the basis of field research,this article further investigates and statistics the structure,components and characteristics of the bracket set of the official buildings in this period,and further improve the research on the carpentyr work in the mid-Ming Dynasty.