Research On Multi-Agent Interest Coordination Mechanism Of Electric Vehicles Under V2G Mode

With the worsening climate and environment,as well as the increasing shortage of fossil fuels,the large-scale development and utilization of renewable energy has become a strategic choice for China’s sustainable energy development.Electric vehicles have also rapidly developed into a new direction for the transformation of the automotive industry due to their clean and low-carbon advantages.As an energy hub,the formation of a new generation power system is the key to the smooth transformation of energy in China.The large-scale integration of renewable energy and electric vehicles into the system is a significant feature of new power systems,but it also brings new challenges such as increased randomness on the power generation side and disorderly charging behavior leading to grid overload.In recent years,Vehicle-to-Grid(V2G)model has received attention and development,providing an effective path for the new power system to address challenges.Therefore,this article is based on the application of V2G mode to convert large-scale electric vehicles into energy storage resources to solve the problem of renewable energy consumption and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system.It conducts in-depth research on the coordination of interests among multiple parties involved in electric vehicles.Firstly,the V2G model was analyzed to clarify that the research scenario is centralized V2G.The relevant concepts of interest coordination mechanism were interpreted to define the stakeholders of electric vehicles as renewable energy generators,power grid companies,electric vehicle aggregators,and users.The interest coordination mechanism was defined as a combination of methods and strategies that include interest optimization methods and interest allocation strategies;Discussed the basic theory and solution methods of cooperative games,explained the principles of reinforcement learning,and sorted out several mainstream reinforcement learning algorithms,laying a theoretical foundation for future research.Secondly,the role positioning and functions of the four parties were introduced,and the interests and demands of each party at the economic and social levels were further analyzed to clarify their mutual interest relationships.Then,explore how various entities can coordinate to improve overall efficiency,and establish a cooperation model between electric vehicle aggregators and renewable energy generators;Establish the demand response model of electric vehicle users to aggregators,so as to establish a multi-agent interest optimization model with the optimization goal of minimizing grid load fluctuations,maximizing the total revenue of the alliance of electric vehicles and renewable energy and minimizing the user’s electricity costs,and taking charge and discharge electricity prices as optimization variables;Based on algorithm applicability analysis,Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient(DDPG)algorithm of reinforcement learning is used to solve the model;Through simulation analysis,it has been proven that the DDPG algorithm has excellent convergence utility and the benefit optimization mechanism effectively improves the overall benefits of multiple agents.Finally,the basic principles for the distribution of benefits among multiple entities in electric vehicles under the V2G model were clarified,and the factors affecting the distribution of benefits between renewable energy generation companies and electric vehicle aggregators were explored.An improved Shapley value benefit distribution model based on the influencing factors was established.Through example analysis,it was verified that the benefit distribution mechanism effectively improved the overall satisfaction of both parties’ cooperation,making it more fair,reasonable,and in line with the actual situation.In summary,this article clarifies the interest demands and mutual interest relationships of electric vehicle related parties under the V2G mode,and constructs a benefit coordination mechanism that includes interest optimization methods and benefit allocation strategies.This provides an effective path for the coordinated development and win-win realization of electric vehicle related parties under the V2G mode,The research on the complex changes in the interests of multiple stakeholders brought about by the formation of the new generation power system has certain reference value,which is conducive to the successful transformation of China’s power system and the smooth achievement of the "3060" dual carbon goal.