Restoration Of Xixia Tomb Tower No.3 And Analysis Of The Existing Relic Environment

XiXia Mausoleum,as a rare historical relic during the XiXia period,has high academic research value.However,since excavation,there has been no large-scale and large-scale restoration and protection work on existing relics,and the research on the restoration of individual buildings in the XiXia Mausoleum has not formed a system.This article takes the Third Mausoleum of the XiXia Dynasty as the research object.Based on field research,literature review,data measurement,and software simulation,through reasonable restoration of the core single building mausoleum tower and environmental analysis of the mausoleum area,a protection strategy for the XiXia King Mausoleum is formed to further promote the protection of the XiXia Mausoleum.The specific research content and conclusions are as follows:(1)By comparing and analyzing the overall layout and architectural features of the Tang,Song,and Liao dynasties’ imperial tombs,we gain insight into the construction characteristics of high standard temples and pagodas during the XiXia period,and obtain a plan restoration imagination of the XiXia No.3 Mausoleum.(2)Based on archaeological data and combined with the characteristics of existing relics,the basic form of the Third Mausoleum Pagoda,supplemented by a seven story octagonal rammed earth solid tower with a wooden structure,was defined.It is confirmed that there is a cushion layer under it,with a height of 43m and a total of 7 layers.The wall shrinks 0.32m inward every 1m raised.Inside the Ling Tower,there are vertically connected tower core columns,and each layer is equipped with a cage shaped wooden structure system.The use of sandwich wood technology enhances overall stability.The tower wall is equipped with a shallow Buddha niche,and the internal wooden structure extends to lift the tower eaves.The eaves have hanging openings,covered with boards,tiles,dripping water,and other decorative components such as animal covers are installed on the sloping ridge.The shape of the pagoda is similar to that of traditional Tibetan pagodas.Use CAD software to draw the plan,elevation,and section of the Xixia No.3 Mausoleum Tower,and then use Revit software to establish a parameterized 3D model of the restored Mausoleum Tower.(3)The TM-213 solar radiometer and Fluke-923 anemometer were selected to conduct on-site testing on the light and wind environment of the Xixia No.3 Mausoleum Tower and the mausoleum area.After summarizing the data,the trend charts of solar radiation values and wind speed changes at each measurement point were obtained.Establish simplified models of the mausoleum area and mausoleum tower in Ecotect and Phoenics software,set boundary conditions,and simulate summer and winter radiation and wind environment respectively.The results show that the restored mausoleum area has a more significant regulatory effect.Strengthen radiation prevention measures on the south and east sides of the existing mausoleum tower ruins,and better wind prevention measures are needed on the southwest,northeast,and northwest walls of the mausoleum tower,as well as the northwest,southwest,and southeast corner areas of the mausoleum city.(4)On the basis of on-site disease research,the types of diseases in the existing soil sites in the mausoleum area were counted and the reasons were analyzed.The results showed that the main types of diseases in the existing soil sites included collapse,inward concave foundation,wall erosion,cracking,gullies,and biological damage.The main reasons were the high sand content of the soil itself,environmental effects such as wind,sand,light,and rain erosion,as well as the mutual catalysis and secondary erosion among various factors.(5)Applying direct protection methods such as repair and restoration,preventive reinforcement measures,and adaptive reuse to the protection strategy of Xixia No.3 Mausoleum,integrating new technologies such as virtual reality,3D printing,and reverse engineering,enhancing environmental governance and monitoring,pre reinforcing vulnerable areas,and integrating innovation and sustainable utilization principles,based on its own characteristics,to better protect existing relics.