| Restricted by environmental pollution and energy problems,new energy automobile industry,as one of the seven strategic emerging industries,has gradually become the future development direction of the automobile industry.The Party and the state also put the development of green and low-carbon industry in an important position.Under the circumstance that the dual carbon task of the automobile industry is very heavy,new energy vehicles are also expected to become an important "grasping hand" to achieve the dual carbon goal.Fiscal subsidies and tax incentives are the main ways for the government to support the development of emerging industries such as new energy vehicles.The national subsidies for the purchase of new energy vehicles have expired at the end of 2022,and new energy vehicles will face a major marketization test.Preferential tax policies will inevitably assume the responsibility of regulating the structure of the automobile market and supporting the development of the new energy automobile industry.Research on the influence mechanism of tax incentives on the business performance of new energy automobile enterprises and specific policy effects is conducive to the continuous optimization of relevant tax incentives for new energy automobile industry,and promote the sound development of the new energy automobile industry under the environment of tax reduction and fee reduction and double carbon targets.Based on the analysis and review of existing literature and theoretical achievements,this paper defines the concepts of tax incentives,business performance,new energy automobile industry,and analyzes the relevant theoretical basis and mechanism.Then through the analysis of the tax preferential policies and the actual situation of the new energy automobile industry,the existing problems of the relevant tax preferential policy system are found.In order to further explore the size of incentive effect of tax incentives on the business performance of the new energy automobile industry and the differences within the industry,this paper selects the 2012-2020 financial statement data of 54 listed companies in the new energy automobile sector,uses corporate income tax incentives and other tax incentives to measure tax incentives,and selects the return on total assets to measure enterprise performance.Based on this,an empirical model is constructed for empirical analysis.The results show that corporate income tax preferential policies and other tax preferential policies have a significant incentive effect on the business performance of new energy vehicle enterprises.R&D investment has a positive regulatory effect on the relationship between tax incentives and business performance.On this basis,through further heterogeneity analysis,it is found that different tax incentives have different degrees of influence on enterprises with different ownership properties.Compared with state-owned enterprises,the incentive effect of corporate income tax preferential policies on the business performance of private enterprises is more significant.At the same time,the incentive effect of other tax incentives on state-owned enterprises is greater than that on private enterprises.From the perspective of industrial chain difference,the upstream link such as battery motor is more significantly stimulated by the preferential policies of enterprise income tax,while the whole vehicle link is more effectively stimulated by other tax incentives.From the perspective of regional location,enterprises in the eastern region are significantly encouraged by corporate income tax preferential policies,and other tax preferential policies have a greater impact on enterprises in the central and western regions.Based on theoretical analysis and empirical results,this paper puts forward suggestions on preferential tax policies to promote the development of new energy automobile industry: starting from the specific tax categories,formulate preferential policies for new energy automobile enterprises;Implementing differentiated preferential tax policies;Improve the tax preferential policies for related supporting services;Maintain the clarity and stability of tax preferential policies. |
