Study On Spatial Layout And Optimization Of Commnity Healthcare Centers For "15-Minute Life Circle"

Under the guidance of the "people-oriented" urban development concept,how to "build a15-minute living circle" and equip with basic public service facilities is one of the most concerned focuses in the field of urban planning in academic circles.As an important part of basic medical public services,community healthcare centers are crucial to the construction of the 15-minute life circle.However,due to the lack of high-quality primary medical resources in cities and the unreasonable layout of medical facilities,people’s medical care needs cannot be fully met.Therefore,facing the "15-minute community life circle",scientifically and objectively evaluate the accessibility and fairness of the existing urban primary medical facilities layout,and then improve the rationality of the facility layout,which will help alleviate the uneven distribution of urban high-quality medical resources and realize the sustainable development of cities in the era of epidemic is of great practical significance.Taking Zhengzhou as the research area,based on the data of community healthcare centers,building outline data,statistical yearbook data,and urban road network data,this paper firstly analyzes the current situation of community healthcare centers,that is,the spatial distribution characteristics of community healthcare centers,community health service centers configuration level in Zhengzhou.Secondly,the gravity two-step floating catchment area method and the optimal supply and demand model are used to measure the spatial accessibility of community healthcare centers in Zhengzhou,and then the weak areas of community healthcare centers and the existing problems in their existing layout were analyzed.Then we analyze the weak resources and the existing layout of the community healthcare centers community healthcare centers.Finally,based on the analysis of the status quo and the accessibility analysis of community healthcare centers,combined with the development plan of community healthcare centers in Zhengzhou,the maximum coverage model and the capacitated P-medina model are used to analyze the community healthcare centers in Zhengzhou.Perform layout optimization and provide relevant optimization suggestions on this basis.The research results show that:(1)The number of community healthcare centers in Zhengzhou facing the "15-minute life circle" is insufficient and the allocation level is low,and there is a phenomenon of insufficient supply and redundant supply.The average time for residents to arrive at the community healthcare centers is 18.25 minutes,and the 15-minute population coverage of the community healthcare centers accounts for only 39.57% of the total population,far below the national standard of 80%.(2)The accessibility of community healthcare centers in Zhengzhou is generally low,and the spatial distribution is uneven,showing a central distribution pattern.The accessibility of the central urban area and the old urban area is relatively high,and the accessibility of the newly developed areas and urban suburbs is relatively low.(3)The layout optimization of the maximum coverage model and the capacitated P-medina model with capacity constraints can significantly improve the accessibility of community healthcare centers in Zhengzhou,reduce the spatial accessibility differences of community healthcare centers in Zhengzhou,and improve residents’ access to community healthcare centers.Fairness and efficiency of service resources.When the number of community healthcare centers reaches 125,the average time for residents to arrive at the community healthcare centers is about 10 minutes,and the population coverage rate reaches about 80% within 15 minutes of walking,meeting the national standard.This paper proposes a complete set of technical framework systems and solutions for optimizing the layout of public service facilities for the "15-minute life circle".The whole solution is based on the living circle theory,and gets rid of the traditional top-down,"thousand-person target" concept of facility layout,making the layout of public service facilities more people-oriented.The optimal supply and demand distribution model is used to evaluate the accessibility of service facilities,so that the accessibility results can fully reflect the relationship between supply and demand,better reflect the actual situation,and make up for the shortcomings of existing accessibility evaluation methods.When optimizing the layout of public service facilities in the urban life circle,the maximum coverage model focuses on the 15-minute population coverage rate,and the P-medina model with capacity constraints considers facility utilization efficiency first.The relevant results of this research provide important theoretical reference and technical support for the optimization of the layout of public service facilities for living circles.