Research On The Division Of 10-minute Living Circle And The Optimization Of The Layout Of Key Public Service Facilities ——Take The Downtown Area Of Hohhot As An Example

With the development of cities and the progress of society,people living in cities are putting forward higher requirements for the public services they need daily,and they are eager to enjoy quality public services within a moderate range.In the latest version of the Urban Residential Area Planning and Design Standards（GB50180-2018）（hereinafter referred to as the Standards）promulgated in 2018,the concept of "living circle" is proposed,which includes the criteria of15-minute,10-minute and 5-minute living circles,as well as the criteria for the provision of public facilities,setting standards for the construction of public facilities in residential areas.The concept of "living circle" is proposed,which includes the classification of 15-minute,10-minute and5-minute living circles,as well as the standards for the provision of public facilities.The scope of the 15-minute living circle in the Standard corresponds to the street office,which is responsible for the implementation and improvement of the corresponding public facilities;the scope of the5-minute living circle corresponds to the community residents’ committee,which is responsible for the implementation and improvement of the corresponding public facilities.However,the 10-minute living area does not have a corresponding administrative body,so it lacks a corresponding administrative body and a response unit to promote the construction of public facilities.The purpose of this paper is to explore the extent to which the 10-minute living area coincides with the street offices and community committees,and the optimal layout of their main public facilities.As the capital city of the autonomous region,Hohhot has a good living environment that contributes to the well-being of its residents and the satisfaction of the city.This paper takes the central city of Hohhot as the research object;summarises the research progress of living circles by summarising the review of domestic and international literature;uses the distribution of various types of POI public service facility data in the city and summarises the problems in the configuration and layout of public facilities;then uses GIS to conduct a 10-minute study area according to the factors of shape,area,population and administration of the living circle division Living circles were divided into 3 types of 10-minute living circles of different shapes,2 types of living circles of different areas and 1 type of living circles of different population densities,and after comparison,160 10-minute living circles were selected as a result of the division.This was followed by an analysis of the current situation of 2types of key public service facilities,namely primary schools and medium-sized multi-purpose sports grounds,which should be built and managed by the government only within the 10-minute living circles,and suggestions for their optimization.The data sources in the thesis are mainly 2019 data of various types of POI public service facilities,and 2019 population density data and the research methods mainly use nuclear density analysis,spatial overlay analysis,and Tyson polygon delineation of areas in GIS.The research idea is to choice the most appropriate 10-minute delineation method by studying the comparison of various delineation methods with the coverage of public facilities and to optimize the study of the layout of the main public facilities in the 10-minute living circle in the Standard.The main findings of the study are as follows.（1）The 10-minute living circle is divided according to different shapes,with a total of three types,namely hexagonal 10-minute living circle,tangent circular 10-minute living circle and intersecting circular10-minute.（2）The 10-minute life circles according to area are divided into 1221km~2 hexagonal 10-minute life circles,144 1km~2 tangent circular10-minute life circles,240 1km~2 intersecting circular 10-minute life circles,and 159 0.785km~2 hexagonal 10-minute life circles according to0.785km~2 area.148 10-minute living circles in 0.785km~2 intersecting circles and 293 10-minute living circles in 0.785km~2 intersecting circles.（3）Using the average size of public service coverage compared to the 10-minute living circles delineated,the comparison shows that: 1km~2 hexagonal 10-minute living circle > 1km~2 tangent circular 10-minute living circle > 1km~2 intersecting circular 10-minute living circle >0.785km~2 hexagonal 10-minute living circle > 0.785 km ~2 intersecting circular 10-minute living circle > 0.785 km~2 intersecting circular10-minute living circle.（4）A total of 160 10-minute living circles have been delineated according to population density.The 10-minute living circles delineated by population density have an average coverage rate of 84.66% in terms of public service facilities and are also the best performing and easiest to implement and build 10-minute living circles of all the delineation methods.（5）In the Standard,there are four public administration and public service facilities that are only allocated to the 10-minute living circle,among which there are two government-led public facilities that should be built,namely primary schools and medium-sized multi-purpose sports grounds,which are used as key public service facilities in the 10-minute living circle.Through analysis,the proportion of primary schools and medium-sized multi-purpose sports grounds among the 160 10-minute living circles with the two key public service facilities is 33.13% and23.13% respectively,which do not meet the requirements of the10-minute living circle construction standards.In this regard,the following suggestions are made for the optimization of key facilities:primary schools should be sited to avoid busy traffic sections such as intersections of urban arterial roads as far as possible;the layout of medium-sized multifunctional sports grounds should be integrated with public activity spaces such as public green areas,and if there is a shortage of land,consideration can be given to building on suitable plots;107additional primary schools and 123 medium-sized multifunctional sports grounds are needed;primary schools should be built according to actual demand,and medium-sized multifunctional sports grounds The construction of primary schools is based on actual demand,and the construction of medium-sized multi-purpose sports grounds is based on the standard of 1310-2360m~2.