| The Nanjing Massacre Victims’ Monuments are important places for people to mourn and express their grieves to the victims in the Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders.They are important signs that symbolize a humiliating history of China and the attitude of the country and society to the history.They are also important ways and carriers to promote history education,establish traumatic memory,as well as publicize native land emotion and patriotism.From the establishment of the National Memorial Day in 2014 to the holding of memorial activities every year,such as “the Whole City Mourning”,the memorial activity for Nanjing Massacre has presented diversification trend.Nanjing Massacre Victims’ Memorial Landscape is facing the demands of new age.In the other hand,The construction and development of urban landscape in Nanjing for more than 30 years also bring new opportunities and challenges to the memorials’ landscape construction.Thus,this study researches the reality of Nanjing Massacre Victims’ Memorial Landscape construction from cultural perspective and orders landscape renewal strategies of Nanjing Massacre Victims’ Memorial,based on Semiotics theory and method.This study provides theory and implementation method for improving the memorial landscape and activating the memorial through landscape renewal.The main contents of this study are as follow:Firstly,this study makes a systematic research on the theories and practices of memorial landscape at home and abroad,ordering the major research direction and the practice development trend of memorial landscape.Based on literature research,this study expounds and summarizes the related concepts such as “Landscape”,“Memorial Landscape”,“Sign”,as well as the basic theories such as Semiotics.Secondly,this study researches the construction reality of Nanjing Massacre Victims’ Memorial Landscape based on field investigation,analyzing the main challenges they’re facing.Based on the theories of Semiotics and Landscape Architecture,three channels that form the memorial signification mechanism of Nanjing Massacre Victims’ Memorial Landscape are summarized.Thirdly,this study defines the functional attribute of Nanjing Massacre Victims’ Memorial Landscape and the principle of the memorial landscape renewal.Based on the realities of memorial landscape construction,this study orders the factors that influence the memorial landscape renewal.According to the emphasis difference of memorial landscape renewal,the memorials are classified from five renewal directions: sign expansion,boundary reconstruction,publicity and education function improvement,atmosphere optimization and multi-method comprehensive application.Based on it,this study offers specific solutions of memorial landscape renewal from four key components: expansion of memorial signs and signification methods,reconstruction of distinctive landscape boundary,construction of experiential publicity exhibition space and design of human-friendly memorial experience environment.Finally,according to the classification of Nanjing Massacre Victims’ Memorial Landscape renewal,this study picks Nanjing Massacre Victims’ Monuments at Pude Temple,Hanzhong Gate,Xianhe Gate,Zhengjue Temple and Taiping Gate as objects,making empirical research and verifying the strategy of Nanjing Massacre Victims’ Memorial Landscape renewal,through proposing specific memorial landscape renewal designs. |
