| Urban parks play an important role in urban green public spaces,providing important spaces for urban residents to relax and unwind.They play a crucial role in urban landscapes and the quality of life of urban residents.Comprehensive parks are the key content of urban parks and the most important urban green space for daily activities of urban residents.Their quality is an important aspect of livable cities.However,due to differences in functional settings,usage rates,and user satisfaction,the current construction status of urban comprehensive parks that have been built needs further exploration and research to meet the growing demand for user behavior and activities.This article selects three typical comprehensive parks in Tangshan City as the research objects.From the perspective of users,it evaluates their usage status based on user behavior analysis,which has important practical significance for building urban comprehensive parks that meet user needs.Firstly,based on the theories and methods of environmental behavior,place theory,and usage evaluation(POE),a research plan for evaluating the usage status of Tangshan comprehensive parks based on user behavior analysis was developed.An evaluation model combining objective evaluation and subjective evaluation was determined,and a comprehensive park usage status evaluation model in Tangshan was constructed.A set of evaluation factors for the use status of comprehensive parks in Tangshan City was constructed using three methods: theoretical deduction,exploratory research,and Delphi method.The evaluation factor set includes four primary evaluation indicators: transportation function,landscape environment,supporting facilities,culture,and management,and 23 factor level evaluation indicators.Secondly,an empirical investigation was conducted on the usage status of three comprehensive parks in Tangshan City.Behavioral observation was used to observe and record the internal environmental characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of user behavior activities in the comprehensive parks.The obtained data information was quantitatively analyzed to objectively evaluate the usage status of comprehensive parks in Tangshan City.The basic characteristics,use preference and satisfaction rating data of users in the comprehensive park were obtained by questionnaire,and the use of the comprehensive park was analyzed and evaluated subjectively by Likert scale.Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process,a questionnaire was distributed to experts in relevant fields to collect the weight of evaluation indicators.The weight values of each evaluation indicator were determined,and a comprehensive park usage evaluation system in Tangshan City was constructed.The ranking of the weight values of the first level indicators in the evaluation system was as follows:landscape environment>supporting facilities>transportation function>culture and management.By using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,the user satisfaction score was combined with the weight values of various evaluation indicators to calculate the comprehensive evaluation of the use of comprehensive parks in Tangshan City.The ranking of the comprehensive scores was Nanhu Park(4.67),Fenghuangshan Park(4.60),and People’s Park(4.55).Referring to the evaluation level,all three comprehensive parks reached a "good" level.At the same time,the feasibility,effectiveness,and scientificity of the evaluation plan and evaluation system were also verified.Finally,combining the objective evaluation results of actual investigation and research with the comprehensive evaluation results based on user subjective satisfaction evaluation,analyze and summarize the characteristics and current shortcomings of Tangshan Comprehensive Park,and propose targeted optimization strategies in five aspects: reasonable utilization of space,improving site utilization rate,park design to meet the needs of different groups,increasing the richness of activity behavior,optimizing and improving supporting facilities,and strengthening management and maintenance,To provide research ideas for the evaluation of similar comprehensive parks and provide reference and basis for the future construction of comprehensive parks in Tangshan City. |
