Multi-layer Collaborative Optimal Scheduling Of Virtual Power Plant Considering Demand Response

At present,the installed scale of distributed energy resources has increased rapidly,and the fluctuation and uncertainty of power grid operation have also increased.Virtual power plants can effectively aggregate distributed energy,and use a variety of intelligent technologies to achieve precise regulation of "source,network,load and storage".However,there are many resources in the power market,and the output volatility of wind and solar generators,the difference in user power consumption behavior and the slow development of demand response mechanism all bring challenges to the operation of virtual power plants.How to comprehensively enhance the multi-layered benefits of virtual power plants,reduce risk costs and develop demand response potential is of great significance to the stable operation of the power market.In order to solve distributed energy and demand response which are limited participation and management complexity,based on virtual power plants,this paper establishes a three-layer collaborative optimization operation structure of virtual power plant,configures wind and solar backup capacity of virtual power plant,analyzes demand response benefits,and then proposes a three-layer collaborative optimization model for virtual power plant that takes into account demand response.The specific work is as follows:(1)The virtual power plant integrates wind and solar units,gas turbines,energy storage equipment and flexible loads to coordinate and optimize resources to reduce the operating pressure of the power grid.Build a multi-layer collaborative operation architecture of virtual power plants,and propose a three-layer collaborative operation architecture of power sales company layer,virtual power plant layer and load layer to improve the ability to interact with market resources.(2)The probability density function is obtained by fitting the output error of the wind and solar units to configure the reserve capacity;the electricity fee compensation incentive measures are used to implement the demand response to the flexible load to realize the reduction of electricity consumption.In addition to taking into account the direct benefits of demand response to the load layer,the aggregate benefits provided to electricity sales companies and virtual power plants are also considered.(3)From the perspective of virtual power plant optimization,a three-layer collaborative optimization model of power sales company layer,virtual power plant layer and load layer is established.The power consumption comfort degree and electricity fee compensation are introduced into the load layer to form the user’s electricity satisfaction optimization objective function,and the optimization strategy of the three-layer operation model of the virtual power plant is determined.This paper aims to coordinate and optimize the interactive benefits of electricity sales companies,the operating benefits of virtual power plants,and the satisfaction of power consumption at the load level,and strengthen the multi-layer resource integration and allocation of virtual power plants.(4)The multi-objective dragonfly algorithm is used to solve the model in this paper,and compared with the fixed electricity price model,the double-layer optimization model that ignores the satisfaction of load electricity consumption and the single-layer optimization model that only considers the internal resource allocation of the virtual power plant.The analysis shows that the collaborative optimization model proposed in this paper can fully consider the user’s satisfaction with electricity consumption according to the market operation mechanism,improve the the interactive income of electricity sales companies and virtual power plant operation benefits,the operation mechanism of the electricity market is improved,thereby verifying the effectiveness and superiority of this strategy and model.